Showing papers on "Sketch published in 1993"
TL;DR: In this article, a multiscale representation of grey-level shape called the scale-space primal sketch is presented, which makes explicit both features in scale space and the relations between structures at different scales, and a methodology for extracting significant blob-like image structures from this representation.
Abstract: This article presents: (i) a multiscale representation of grey-level shape called the scale-space primal sketch, which makes explicit both features in scale-space and the relations between structures at different scales, (ii) a methodology for extracting significant blob-like image structures from this representation, and (iii) applications to edge detection, histogram analysis, and junction classification demonstrating how the proposed method can be used for guiding later-stage visual processes. The representation gives a qualitative description of image structure, which allows for detection of stable scales and associated regions of interest in a solely bottom-up data-driven way. In other words, it generates coarse segmentation cues, and can hence be seen as preceding further processing, which can then be properly tuned. It is argued that once such information is available, many other processing tasks can become much simpler. Experiments on real imagery demonstrate that the proposed theory gives intuitive results.
523 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The 2.1D sketch was found by filtering for occlusion detection and finding contours and junctions and finding the 2.2D sketch by following the dotted line pattern.
Abstract: Overview.- Filtering for occlusion detection.- Finding contours and junctions.- Continuations.- Finding the 2.1D sketch.- Conclusion.
339 citations
TL;DR: This paper describes two formal models for interaction objects and sketches how they can be used to build a small vocabulary of operators to support the rigorous specification of a graphics system.
Abstract: The concept of an ‘interactor’ has been introduced by Faconti and Paterno' [6] as an abstraction of an entity in interactive graphics capable of both input and output. However the notion of interaction object need not be confined to graphics systems; it represents a useful structure for thinking and reasoning about the behaviour of interactive systems in general. As part of Esprit Basic Research Action 7040 (Amodeus-2) we are using the concept of interactor, and existing work on state-based processes and agents, to develop a model and theory of interactive systems. In this paper we describe two formal models for interaction objects and sketch how they can be used to build a small vocabulary of operators to support the rigorous specification of a graphics system. Our model differs from the approach of Faconti and Paterno' in that it abstracts away from any specific graphics framework and is thus suited to the level of abstraction demanded by formal approaches to system development.
181 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a theory for designing teaching, based on mathematical activity, situations, tasks, and interventions, exposing and resolving cognitive conflicts, changes of structure and context, feedback, reflection and review.
Abstract: In this introductory article, after some initial discussion of an appropriate approach to mathematics as a curriculum subject, we sketch a theory for designing teaching, based on mathematical activity, situations, tasks, and interventions, exposing and resolving cognitive conflicts, changes of structure and context, feedback, reflection and review. We next review the main psychological principles underlying this theory, then consider some examples of teaching designs in the light of the theory. Thus we open the discussion of the theme of this issue, which continues with the fuller discussion of other examples in the remaining articles.
85 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that there is both an art and a science in the use of Repertory Grid techniques for teacher thinking and that teacher thinking within a constructivist framework can be enhanced by using multi-method approaches.
76 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A silicone compound of the formula, WHERE L is selected from secondary amine groups and R10 groups, R1 and R2 are selected from hydrocarbon groups, and these amino-functional silane compounds may be used as sewage flocculents.
Abstract: A silicone compound of the formula, WHERE L is selected from secondary amine groups and R10 groups, R1 and R2 are selected from hydrocarbon groups and R3 and R4 are selected from hydrogen, hydrocarbon groups and other amine groups. Further, n is a whole number that varies from 1 to 20 and a is a whole number that varies from 0 to 2. These amino-functional silane compounds may be used as sewage flocculents.
53 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that the model of standard communication can explain non-standard uses of language without special adaptation, and can account for a variety of linguistic phenomena which are often neglected in formal treatments of dialogue.
47 citations
19 Sep 1993
33 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a dynamic model associated with an intelligent CAD system aiming at the modeling of an architectural scene sketch, where a qualitative model is used to describe the objects in terms of attributes, functions, methods and components.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a dynamic model associated with an intelligent CAD system aiming at the modeling of an architectural scene sketch. Our design methodology has been developed to simulate the process of a user who tries to give a description of a scene from a set of mental images. The scene creation is based on a script which describes the environment from the point of view of an observer who moves across the scene. The system is based on a declarative method viewed as a stepwise refinement process. For the scene representation, a qualitative model is used to describe the objects in terms of attributes, functions, methods and components. The links between objects and their components are expressed by a hierarchical structure, and a description of spatial configurations is given by using locative relations. The set of solutions consistent with the description is usually infinite. So, either one scene consistent with this description is calculated and visualized, or reasons of inconsistency are notified to the user. The resolution process consists of two steps: firstly a logical inference checks the consistency of the topological description, and secondly an optimization algorithm deals with the global description and provides a solution. Two examples illustrate our design methodology and the calculation of a scene model.
27 citations
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a formal reconstruction of the theoretical framework of Buridan's treatment of the famous sophisma is presented, which is an organic part of his general semantics and philosophy of language and mind.
Abstract: In this paper my main aim is to sketch a formal reconstruction of the theoretical framework of Buridan’s treatment of the famous sophisma. In this way I hope to show not only that Buridan’s treatment is an organic part of his general semantics and philosophy of language and mind,1 but also that the theoretical framework of his treatment, namely his theory of appellation, can be given such a rigorous formulation as to make it a genuine rival to contemporary theories too.2But in order to have a better understanding of Buridan’s theory, we have first to take a closer look at what paved the way to it, namely Ockham’s theory of connotation.
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a model for understanding the connection between categories, principles of the understanding, schemata, and the empirical instances to which the categorial framework is supposed to apply is presented.
Abstract: In this paper I will sketch briefly a model for understanding the connection, in Kant’s system, between categories, principles of the understanding, schemata, and the empirical instances to which the categorial framework is supposed to apply. I hope that the model will illuminate the general features of Kant’s entire epistemological enterprise, although in the present context I am mainly interested in providing a way of removing the notorious obscurities of the Schematism passage in the Critique of pure reason.
TL;DR: First graders, fifth grade, university students, and older adults drew sketch maps of familiar environments as mentioned in this paper, and not until after the sketch maps were collected did subjects have any idea that the stu...
Abstract: First graders, fifth graders, university students, and older adults drew sketch maps of familiar environments. Not until after the sketch maps were collected did subjects have any idea that the stu...
TL;DR: A dynamic model associated with an intelligent CAD system aiming at the modeling of an architectural scene sketch and the design methodology has been developed to simulate the process of a user who tries to give a description of a scene from a set of mental images.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a dynamic model associated with an intelligent CAD system aiming at the modeling of an architectural scene sketch. Our design methodology has been developed to simulate the process of a user who tries to give a description of a scene from a set of mental images. The scene creation is based on a script which describes the environment from the point of view of an observer who moves across the scene. The system is based on a declarative method viewed as a stepwise refinement process. For the scene representation, a qualitative model is used to describe the objects in terms of attributes, functions, methods and components. The links between objects and their components are expressed by a hierarchical structure, and a description of spatial configurations is given by using locative relations. The set of solutions consistent with the description is usually infinite. So, either one scene consistent with this description is calculated and visualized, or reasons of inconsistency are notified to the user. The resolution process consists of two steps: firstly a logical inference checks the consistency of the topological description, and secondly an optimization algorithm deals with the global description and provides a solution. Two examples illustrate our design methodology and the calculation of a scene model.
TL;DR: There is an increasing need for an accurate facial composite system that can be used on a widespread basis by law-enforcement professionals.
Abstract: Historically, police investigators have relied on wimesses' verbal descriptions of suspects to create a facial composite using either a skilled sketch artist or a mechanical facial composite system. Unfortunately, the demand for police sketch artists in law enforcement greatly outweighs the supply. As a result, there is an increasing need for an accurate facial composite system that can be used on a widespread basis by law-enforcement professionals.
Book•
01 Jun 1993
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the principles of good graphics, including: Loose vs. Tight, Entourage, Perspective Drawing, Rendering Types, and Rendering Techniques.
Abstract: Loose vs Tight. Principles of Good Graphics. Rendering Techniques. Rendering Types. Lettering. Entourage. Perspective Drawing. How to Sketch. Design Process. Appendices. References. Credits. Index.
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this article, Woolf's "A Sketch of the Past" is described as "life-writing, the body, and the mirror gaze" in the form of a sketch of the past.
Abstract: (1993). Virginia Woolf's “A Sketch of the Past”: Life-writing, the Body, and the Mirror Gaze. a/b: Auto/Biography Studies: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 51-71.
TL;DR: In late eighteenth and early nineteeth-century France the sketch was a frequent subject of aesthetic discourse as mentioned in this paper, and Diderot's critiques of sketches in his “Salons” of 1765 and 1767 come to mind.
Abstract: In late eighteenth- and early nineteeth-century France the sketch was a frequent subject of aesthetic discourse. Diderot's critiques of sketches in his “Salons” of 1765 and 1767 come to mind, as do...
01 Sep 1993
TL;DR: In this article, a dynamic programing type of theory for both continuous time and discrete time non-linear partial information min-max control, using the "cost to come" function as the informational state, is presented.
Abstract: We sketch a dynamic programing type of theory for both continuous time and discrete time non linear partial information min-max control, using the "cost to come" function as the informational state. We use this theory to derive conditions under which a certainty equivalence principle holds. The condition derived is less powerful than what was known from direct investigation in the continuous time case, but more powerful in the discrete.
TL;DR: Bezier et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a method to improve the quality of the data collected by the data collection system by using the information of the users' behaviors. But this method was unsuccessful.
Abstract: 本研究の結論は以下のようにまとめられる.(1) 手書きの線画の位相情報と幾何情報をもとに, 1枚の線画中で左右対称な頂点と曲線の対応付けと, 2線画間で同一な頂点と曲線の対応付けを自動的に行う手法を提案した。(2) 2次元曲線と3次元曲線との透視変換の関係が明らかである有理Bezier曲線の性質を用いて, 左右対称又は2線画間で対応付けられた2次元曲線を表わす点列から, その点列と投影された曲線との距離が投影面上で最小になる3次元有理Bezier曲線を直接計算する手法を提案した.(3) (1), (2) の手法を統合し, 容易かっ高速に手書きの線画から3次元自由曲線モデルを生成できるシステムを開発し, 手法の有効性を確認した.なお, 本研究は東京工業大学工学部知能化機械研究設備を用いて行われた.
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The goal of this chapter is to briefly describe what computer algebra is about, present a little history of computer algebra systems, give some examples ofComputer algebra usage, and discuss some advantages and limitations of this new technological tool.
Abstract: The goal of this chapter is to briefly describe what computer algebra is about, present a little history of computer algebra systems, give some examples of computer algebra usage, and discuss some advantages and limitations of this new technological tool. We end with a sketch of the design of the Maple system.
TL;DR: In this article, a sketch of a Kantian account of a finite rationality is presented, with a focus on reason, appropriateness, and hope, and a discussion of the importance of hope.
Abstract: (1993). Reason, appropriateness and hope: Sketch of a Kantian account of a finite rationality. International Journal of Philosophical Studies: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 61-80.
Journal Article•
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: The authors characterize two approaches to the study of human creativity as based on the principle of belief and performance, respectively, and scrutinize the strengths and wealmesses of these approaches for selected problems in the theory of creativity.
Abstract: I characterize two approaches to the study of human creativity as based on the principle of Belief and Performance, respectively. Employing notions developed in the Social Sciences,I scrutinize the strengths and wealmesses of these approaches for selected problems in the theory of creativity. I look for common links between these approaches, and sketch a framework for their future interaction. The text is structured in terms of six claims, discussed from general to specific. To support one of the claims, I briefly discuss an example of my own research in computational psychomusicology.
04 Apr 1993
TL;DR: This dissertation introduces interactive sketch interpretation as a new user interface paradigm for solid modeling systems that makes it possible to use the computer as a sketchpad for designing three-dimension objects.
Abstract: : Before the introduction of Computer Aided Design and solid modeling systems, designers had developed a set of methods for designing solid objects by sketching their ideas using pencil and paper, and refining these ideas into workable designs These methods are different from those used for designing objects with a conventional solid modeler Not only does this dichotomy waste a vast reserve of talent and experience (people typically start sketching from the moment they first pick up a crayon), but it also has a more fundamental problem: designer can use their intuition more effectively when sketching than they can when using a solid modeler This dissertation introduces interactive sketch interpretation as a new user interface paradigm for solid modeling systems Interactive sketch interpretation makes it possible to use the computer as a sketchpad for designing three-dimension objects The premise behind interactive sketch interpretation is to let the designer change an object's design by modifying a computer generated the line drawing of the object Sketch interpretation maps the designer's changes onto a boundary representation model of the object The designer can continue the design process by then changing the line drawing of the modified object This design cycle is highly interactive and, as a result, incorrect interpretations can be easily corrected by the designer Viking is a solid modeling system whose user interface is based on interactive sketch interpretation With Viking, the designer can modify his or her design by either changing the line drawing or placing geometric constraints on the object Sketch interpretation changes Viking's model of the object so that it is consistent with the modified line drawing and the geometric constraints placed by the user
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: A short sketch of the concept of book and library history as a field of study is given in this article, where the author is the holder of the Chair in that subject at Lund University.
Abstract: A short sketch of the concept of Book and Library History as a field of study, according to the author, holder of the Chair in that subject at Lund University.