Showing papers on "Sodium sulfide published in 1979"

Effects of sulfide and acetylene on nitrous oxide reduction by soil and by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract: The production and reduction of nitrous oxide (N2O) after the addition of N2O, nitrite (NO2−), or nitrate (NO3−) was studied in non-sterile soil, in sterilized soil inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and in washed cell suspensions of this organism. Sodium sulfide (8 μmol S2− mL−1 or g−1) inhibited N2O reduction markedly in cell suspensions and also in soil, an effect which may cause sulfidic habitats to act as sources of N2O. Sodium thiosulfate (up to 64 μmol S2O32− g−1) showed no such effect. Acetylene (0.02 atm C2H2) completely inhibited the reduction of N2O by soil, but the combination of C2H2 with 8 μmol S2− g−1 permitted the complete reduction of 2 μmol added N2O g−1 within 3 days under the most favourable conditions. Under the same conditions, 8 μmol S2O32− g−1 permitted complete reduction of the N2O within 6 days. The rate of such reduction of N2O was decreased, but not inhibited completely, by raising the C2H2 concentration to 0.11 atm. The data have important implications for the effectivene...

Parametric Evaluation of Susceptibility of Cu-Ni Alloys to Sulfide Induced Corrosion in Sea Water

Abstract: Experiments were performed to determine susceptibility of 90/10 and 70/10 Cu-Ni alloys to sulfide induced corrosion as related to sulfide concentration, sea water velocity, and duration of sulfide exposure. All exposures were conducted in fresh sea water, and the range of experimental variables included sulfide concentration (from sodium sulfide) from 0.007 to 0.25 mg/L, sea water velocity after sulfide exposure from 0.5 to 5.3 m/s, and sulfide exposure times from 1 to 90 days. Results showed that both alloys undergo localized attack in sea water environments with as little as 0.007 mg/L sulfide. The velocity dependence of active attack was minimal in the range tested. Duration of sulfide exposure, particularly at low sulfide concentrations, is a key factor in causing localized corrosion in these alloys and in the degree of attack experienced. On the basis of long term continuous low concentration sulfide exposure, 70/30 Cu-Ni appears to undergo less severe attack than that seen with 90/10 Cu-Ni.

A new method for sodium sulfide removal from an aqueous solution and application to industrial wastewater and sludge

Abstract: The catalyst activities for Na2S oxidation in aqueous solution were examined for various materials such as activated carbon, carbon black, ferric salts, hydroquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone-2-sulfonic acid sodium salt, 1,4-naphthoquinone, and their mixed systems.

Methods for the recovery of sulfur components from flue gas and recycle sodium sulfite by reduction-smelting and carbonating to strip hydrogen sulfide

Abstract: An improved method for recovering sulfur from flue gas which contains sulfur dioxide formed from burning sulfur containing fuels. The method first involves the reduction burning of auxilary fuel in the presence of sodium sulfite to convert it to smelt containing sodium sulfide and sodium carbonate. The smelt is dissolved, and the solution reacted with carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and water vapor forming sodium hydrosulfide. The sodium hydrosulfide is reacted with a high concentration of recycled sodium bicarbonate and stripped with carbon dioxide to form sodium carbonate and release the sulfides as hydrogen sulfide from the stripper. The hydrogen sulfide released is then converted to sulfur dioxide, sulfuric acid or elemental sulfur. Pressurized carbon dioxide is used for pressure carbonation of recycled solution from the stripper to convert the sodium carbonate to the high concentration of recycled sodium bicarbonate used for stripping. The sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate from the stripper are reacted under pressure with sodium bisulfite in a decarbonator to form sodium sulfite and release carbon dioxide under pressure for use in the pressure carbonation. A portion of the sodium sulfite formed by decarbonation is then reduced in the smelter. The balance of the sodium sulfite is then used for absorption of the sulfur dioxide from the flue gas forming the sodium bisulfite used for decarbonation.

Recovery of metal values from lead smelter matte

Abstract: A multi-step process for recovering metal values from lead smelter matte. The matte is mixed with sulfuric acid and manganese oxide and leaching is effected at atmospheric pressure to form an aqueous solution including dissolved metal sulfates and a residue containing sulfur and lead sulfate. The sulfur is removable by conventional means and the lead sulfate may be returned to the smelter. The pH of the aqueous sulfate solution is adjusted to 3.5 to 4.5 to precipitate ferric iron and arsenic and pH is readjusted to about 3.0 to redissolve coprecipitated copper. After separation from the precipitate, the aqueous solution is mixed with a sulfiding agent, such as sodium sulfide at a pH of not more than 3 to selectively precipitate copper sulfide. After separating the copper sulfide, the aqueous solution is mixed with further sulfiding agent at a pH of 3 to 4.5 to form a cobalt-nickel sulfide precipitate in which the weight ratio of copper-nickel to sulfur is 1.8. After separation of the precipitate, the pH of the solution is adjusted to 3 to 7 to form a manganese sulfate slurry. The slurry is reacted with oxygen at a temperature of 25°-75° C. to form a manganese-containing precipitate. The precipitate is separated from the brine and heated in a furnace to form manganese oxide which is recycled to the leaching step. The brine is also recycled to the leaching step as a source of sulfuric acid.

Removing method for mercury in gas

Abstract: PURPOSE: To improve mercury removing efficiency, eliminate clogging and make possible long-term use by using the one consisting in carrying metal sulfide on the carrier of honeycomb structure as a removing agent for mercury in gas. CONSTITUTION: An absorbent 4 is formed as a honeycomb structural body provided with a multiplicity of holes 6 of, for example, a square in section by leaving an equal spacing l'. The shape thereof is determined by the characteristic, flow rate, velocity, etc. of the gas to be treated. For the carrier of the absorbent, inorg. materials such as, for example, activated alumina, titanium oxide or others are used, and if the gas is of low temp. and is less corrosive, plastics are used as well. Such carrier is impregnated with soluble salts, after which it is passed through a hydrogen sulfide gas or an aqueous sodium sulfide soln., whereby metals are converted to sulfide. The absorbent manufactured in this way is difficult to cause peeling of the carrier and is free from clogging trouble even when used in treating gases contg. much soot and dust. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio

Method for producing graft copolymers of cellulose or protein fiber with vinyl monomers

Abstract: A method for obtaining graft copolymers of cellulose or protein fiber with vinyl monomers, comprising the steps of impregnating cellulose or protein fiber with an aqueous solution of ferrous salt, removing excessive ions of ferrous iron, and grafting vinyl monomers to cellulose or protein fiber from an aqueous solution, aqueous emulsion or aqueous dispersion of a vinyl monomer, containing hydrogen peroxide and a reducing agent. The latter is hydrazine sulfate, sodium sulfide, glucose, sodium hypophosphite, sodium bitartrate or hydroquinone taken in an amount of 0.002 to 0.02 percent by mass. The method provides for a high rate of graft polymerization and rules out the formation of a free homopolymer in the reaction mixture. It can be carried out as a continuous and batch process.

Production of industrial grade ammonium phosphate

Abstract: PURPOSE:To produce industrial grade ammonium phosphate contg. little As and Cd usable as a food additive, etc. by treating an aq. soln. of fertilizer grade ammonium phosphate with an alkali sulfide and/or H2S, followed by removal of dissolved H2S and treatment with activated carbon, etc. CONSTITUTION:To an aq. soln. of fertilizer grade ammonium phosphate contg. harmful components such as As and Cd are added an alkali sulfide such as sodium sulfide and/or H2S in an amt. more than 30 times as much as the As content by mol, followed by stirring. The resulting aq. soln. is treated with an inert gas or air to remove dissolved H2S, further treated with activated carbon or diatomaceous earth, and filtered to obtain a clear aq. soln. of ammonium phosphate. 30-90, pref. 50-70% of water used for dissolution is evaporated from the clear soln. to produce industrial grade ammonium phosphate of high purity contg. little As, Cd, etc. in a high yield.

Benzazole derivative* its preparation and bactricidal agent for agriculture and floriculture containing it as effective ingredient

Abstract: NEW MATERIAL:Benzazole derivatives of formulaI(R1 is lower alkyl, halogen; R2 is lower alkyl; X is O, S). EXAMPLE:3,4-Dimethylbenzothiazolethione. USE:Bactericidal agent for agriculture and floriculture. It is remarkably effective against pathogenic microorganisms to farm products, especially against the disease of rice plant, and has quick effectiveness and retains the effectiveness and has low toxicity. PREPARATION:The reaction between a benzazole derivative of formula II and phosphorus pentasulfide, the thermal rearrangement of 2-alkylthiobenzazole of formula III, the hydrolysis of a benzoazole derivative alkylated on the 3 position of formula IV (R3 is lower alkyl) with an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen sulfide or sodium sulfide or the reaction between an aniline derivative of formula V and thiophosgen is conducted to form a benzazole derivative of formulaI.

Benefication of fluorspar ores

Abstract: An improvement is provided in a process for the flotation of an acid grade fluorspar enriched concentrate, having a sulfide sulfur content not greater than about 0.02%, from a fluorspar ore containing in addition to fluorspar substantial amounts of gangue minerals and metallic sulfide accessory minerals. The invention utilizes in this conventional flotation process an alkali metal sulfide, preferably sodium sulfide, as a depressor reagent, in substitution of environmentally objectionable sodium cyanide, to depress the flotation of metallic sulfide minerals, thereby rendering a flotation concentrate low in sulfide sulfur content while substantially reducing associated environmental effects.

Production of ppaninobenzaldehyde

Abstract: PURPOSE:Hydrogen sulfide is made to act on an aqueous sodium hydroxide to form sodium hydrogan sulfide, with is further reacted with sodium hydroxide to afford sodium sulfide. Then, sulfur is added to the sodium sulfide to prepare sodium polysulfide, with which p-nitrotoluene is reacted to produce titled compond. CONSTITUTION:p-Nitrotoluene is reacted with sodium polysulfide in a mixed solvent of an alcohol and water containing an alkali in which an alcohol preferably contains at least 80% of ethanol to afford p-aminobenzaldehyde wherein the sodium polysulfide is prepared by first forming sodium hydrogen sulfide from sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and hydrogen sulfide by the reaction at 10-60 deg.C subsequently forming sodium sulfide by adding sodium hydroxide at a molar ratio of 0.1-3.0 to NaSH and further adding sulfure to the sodium sulfide. The sodium polysulfide contains sulfur in an amount corresponding to the formula Na2Sx (x is 2-5). USE:Intermediate of medicines, agricultural chemical.

Autoheterocyclization of cyanoacetylenic carbinol in the presence of sodium sulfide

Abstract: During the reaction of l-cyano-3-methyl-3-hydroxy-l-pentyne (I) with Na2S'9H20 in the presence of potassium hydroxide (in the ratio of 0.4:1:1; 20~ dioxane), 2-methyl-2-ethyl3,4-di(cyanomethylene)oxetane (III), a product of the autoheterocyclization of carbinol I, was obtained instead Of the expected sulfide according to [i]. It is possible that cyanoethylene, formed as the result of the inverse Favorski reaction, is added in the form of an anion to the triple bond of the initial carbinol, which is very electrophilic in character. Then, the intermediate carbinol II cyclizes into III in a yield of 55%, mp 89~ (from ether). IR spectrum (KBr): 1650 (C----CH), 2220 cm -~ (CN); PMR spectrum (i00 MHz, CDCI3): 1.65 (s, 2-CH~); 1.20 (t, 2-CH2-CH3) and 1.88 (qu, 2-CH2); 5.55 (s, 3'-CH); 5.13 ppm (s, 4'-CH), f3',4' = 0.6 Hz.

Novel antibiotic substance 4aaepinanaomycin b and its preparation

Abstract: NEW MATERIAL:An antibiotic substance 4a-epinanaomycin B of the formula. USE:Medicine for man and animal, having antibiotic activity to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. Intermediate of nanaomycin A. PROCESS:The compound of the formula is prepared by adding a reducing agent such as sodium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfite, etc., to a solution containing nanaomycin E under acidic condition, pref. at pH1-4 and 5-50 deg.C. The solution containing nanaomycin E, is obtained by dissolving nanaomycin E obtained by the cultivation of nanaomycin E-producing fungi in a solvent such as water, methanol, etc.

A new synthetic approach to 3-amino-2-phenylthietanes as potential monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Abstract: 3-Amino-2-phenylthietane derivatives were considered as a useful tool to elucidate the mechanism of inhibiton of MAO by tranylcypromine-type inhibitors. The synthesis of 3-benzoylamino-2-phenylthietane, 3-amino-2-phenylthietane, and 3-N, N-dimethylamino-2-p-nitrophenylthietane was attempted using the reaction between 1,3-dihalogeno alkanes with alkali sulfide. When 1-phenyl-1,3-dihalo-2-benzoylaminopropane was treated with sodium sulfide, 2-phenyl-4-benzylidene-2-oxazoline was isolated, indicating the ease of elimination reaction compared to ring formation. The reaction of 1-p-nitrophenyl-1, 3-dichloro-2-N, N-dimethylaminopropane with sodium sulfide gave bis (1-p-nitrophenyl-2-N, N-dimethylamino-3-chloropropane) sulfide. The mechanism of reaction was discussed.