Showing papers on "Triphenyl phosphate published in 2010"
TL;DR: A feasibility study was conducted using supercritical methanol (SCM) to simultaneously recover polymers and metals from waste PCBs and results revealed that the oils mainly contained phenol and its methylated derivatives, and themethylated derivatives increased with the increase of reaction temperature.
80 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of additives on the recycling of waste polycarbonate (PC) by hydrolysis in a steam atmosphere, and found that polystyrene and triphenyl phosphate in waste PC reduced the rate of the reaction by preventing steam from interacting with the surface of PC.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of additives on the recycling of waste polycarbonate (PC) by hydrolysis in a steam atmosphere. PC containing a variety of additives was obtained from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and was hydrolyzed at 300 and 500 °C in a semibatch reactor in the presence of MgO and CaO. Valuable phenolic products were obtained at high yield, with a product distribution that was strongly dependent on temperature. Bisphenol A (BPA) was the major product formed from the hydrolysis of waste PC at 300 °C and was obtained in a maximum yield of 91%, and degradation products of BPA such as phenol and 4-isopropenyl phenol were obtained at 500 °C. The presence of polystyrene and triphenyl phosphate in waste PC reduced the rate of the reaction by preventing steam from interacting with the surface of PC. Although pure PC was completely hydrolyzed within 15 min, hydrolysis of waste PC took 30–60 min. However, the hydrolysis of PC in a steam atmosphere is an appropriate method for materials that cannot be treated by solvolysis. Phosphorus-containing fire retardants and inert polymers inhibit the hydrolysis of polycarbonate (PC), resulting in an increased reaction time. However, even in the presence of these materials, high yields of bisphenol-A and other phenols can be obtained from waste PC dependent on temperature. At 500 °C, polystyrene is also pyrolyzed.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of triphenyl phosphate (TPP), commonly used as flame retardant, also montmorillonite nanoclay and hybrid of them, on the morphology and rheological characteristic of PC/ABS blends are investigated.
Abstract: In this study, the effect of triphenyl phosphate (TPP), commonly used as flame retardant, also montmorillonite nanoclay and hybrid of them, on the morphology and rheological characteristic of PC/ABS (Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile–butadiene–Styrene) blends are investigated. The blends were prepared via a direct melt blending process in a twin-screw extruder. Morphological properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The results for the variations of complex viscosity (η*) with angular frequency (ω) showed a good agreement with those obtained from Carreau model.
A plateau modulus (G°N) was observed in the blends containing nanoclay, indicating the formation of a network structure that increases the modulus as the results of the intercalation of silicate layers of nanoclay. The complex viscosity is increased with the inclusion of nanoclay and TPP, but the effect is more evident with nanoclay. Also, the addition of nanoclay significantly enhances the non Newtonian behavior of PC/ABS blends, particularly at low-frequencies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a twin-screw extruder was used to extract polycarbonate Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (PC/ABS) with flame retardants Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP), nanoclay and their mixtures.
Abstract: Polycarbonate Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene blends (PC/ABS) with flame retardants Triphenyl Phosphate (TPP), nanoclay and their mixtures were prepared in a twin- screw extruder. The morphological properties were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) which showed the intercalated structure of nanoclay in the matrix. Thermal stability of the samples was studied using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and the degradation kinetic parameters were determined using various methods including Kissinger, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Coats-Redfern methods. It was found that the sample containing both TPP and nanoclay has the highest activation energy. The activation energy order of PC/ABS blends with different flame retardant packages, obtained by Kissinger method agrees well with that obtained by Coats-Redfern. Cone calorimetry and limited oxygen index (LOI)/underwriters laboratory 9 4 (UL 94 ) methods were used to investigate the fire behaviour and flammability of materials. The reduced mass loss rate (MLR), peak heat release rate (PHRR) and enhanced LOI of the composite containing mixture system confirmed a synergistic effect of TPP and nanoclay.
13 citations
Patent•
22 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for preparing imatinib, which comprises the following steps of: with a compound N-(5-Amino-2-methylphenyl)-4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidineamine shown as the structural formula (II) and a compound 4-[(4-Methylpiperazin-l-yl)methyl]benzoic acid shown as initial raw materials, dropwise adding phosphite ester at 50-90 DEG C for 1-2 hours inthe presence of a catalyst in an
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing imatinib, which comprises the following steps of: with a compound N-(5-Amino-2-methylphenyl)-4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidineamine shown as the structural formula (II) and a compound 4-[(4-Methylpiperazin-l-yl)methyl]benzoic acid shown as the structural formula (III) as initial raw materials, dropwise adding phosphite ester at 50-90 DEG C for 1-2 hours inthe presence of a catalyst in an organic solvent; and continuously insulating and reacting at 50-90 DEG C to obtain the compound imatinib shown as the structural formula (I). The organic solvent is N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetylamide or N-methylpyrrolidone. The catalyst is pyridine; and the phosphite ester is trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate or triphenyl phosphate. The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of simple reaction step, easy control of reaction, short production cycle, low toxicity of used raw materials, less pollution to the environment and higher product quality, and the yield can reach 95 percent, and the purity reaches 99.5 percent.
5 citations
Patent•
09 Jun 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a method for preparing retardant resorcin phosphate is described, which comprises the following steps: heating phosphorus oxychloride, catalyst and water absorbent until the phosphorus oxide flows back; cooling the mixed solvent to a temperature between 80 and 85 DEG C, and adding melted resorcan liquid to the mixed solvices; heating the mixed liquid to an intermediate product, where dosage of the catalyst is 1 to 2 percent of the resorcant by weight, dosage of water absorbant is 0.1 to 0.5 percent of resorcit
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing retardant resorcin phosphate. The method comprises the following steps: heating phosphorus oxychloride, catalyst and water absorbent until the phosphorus oxychloride flows back; cooling the mixed solvent to a temperature between 80 and 85 DEG C, and adding melted resorcin liquid to the mixed solvent; heating the mixed solvent to a temperature between 110 and 115 DEG C to react so as to obtain an intermediate product, wherein dosage of the catalyst is 1 to 2 percent of the resorcin by weight, dosage of the water absorbent is 0.1 to 0.5 percent of the resorcin by weight, and the molar ratio of the phosphorus oxychloride to the resorcin is 3.5-4.5:1; adding the catalyst and the water absorbent into the intermediate product, heating the mixture to a temperature between 120 and 125 DEG C; adding melted phenol liquid to the mixture to obtain a product, wherein dosage of the catalyst is 2 to 4 percent of the resorcin, dosage of the water absorbent is 0.1 to 0.5 percent of the resorcin by weight, and molar ratio of the phenol and the resorcin is 3.75-3.80:1. The content of the resorcin phosphate is more than or equal to 99 percent, content of triphenyl phosphate is less than or equal to 1 percent, so the retardant resorcin phosphate has excellent thermal stability, volatility, migration and durability.
4 citations
Patent•
22 Apr 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a polyurethane composition comprises a writing monomer component, which contains at least 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethsane composition, of one or more unsaturated urethanes, as writing monomers and polymeric compounds or corresponding matrix precursors as a matrix for the urethane bond.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide novel photopolymers based on specific urethane acrylates as writing monomers, which are suitable for producing a holographic medium, in particular for visual display of images, and to provide a composition containing the photopolymers. SOLUTION: A polyurethane composition comprises a writing monomer component, which contains at least 10 wt.%, based on the total weight of the polyurethane composition, of one or more unsaturated urethanes, as writing monomers and polymeric compounds or corresponding matrix precursors as a matrix for the writing monomers. In the unsaturated urethanes, the p-position of each phenyl group of triphenyl phosphate, triphenyl thiophosphate, and triphenyl methane has a radiation curable group via a urethane bond. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT
1 citations
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe synthesis and characterization of a series of novel PAIs (5a-f) containing trimethylene and hydantoin segments between imide rings in the main chain by the direct polycondensation reaction of N-(4-carboxyphenyl)-trimellitimide (3) with six hydantoins derivatives (4a-F) in a medium consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, triphenyl phosphite, calcium chloride and pyridine.
Abstract: Introduction: Aromatic polyimides are heat resistant polymers that generally show excellent mechanical strength and stability. However, one of the drawbacks to the employment of these high performance polymers is the difficulty in processing due to their high melting temperatures or high glass transition temperatures. Copolycondensation is one of the possible ways for modification of polymer properties. Thus, for the processing of polyimides many copolyimides, such as poly(amide-imide)s, poly(sulfone-imide)s, poly (ether-imide)s, poly(ester-imide)s and other copolymers have been prepared. Aim: In this article, we describe synthesis and characterization a series of novel PAIs (5a-f) containing trimethylene and hydantoin segments between imide rings in the main chain by the direct polycondensation reaction of N-(4- carboxyphenyl)-trimellitimide (3) with six hydantoin derivatives (4a-f) in a medium consisting of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, triphenyl phosphite, calcium chloride and pyridine. Materials and Methods: All chemicals were purchased from Fluka and Merck Chemical Company. The 1 H-NMR spectrum (300 MHz) was recorded on a Bruker Avance 300 spectrometer (Germany). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Galaxy series FTIR 5000 spectrophotometer (England). Results: Six new poly(amide-imide)s (5a-f) were prepared by direct polycondensation reaction of N-(4-carboxyphenyl)-trimellitimide (3) with six different of 5,5-disubstituted hydantoin derivatives (4a-f) using triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and pyridine as condensing agents in N-methyl-2-pyrolidone (NMP) solution containing dissolved calcium chloride. The polycondensation reaction produced a series of novel poly(amide-imide)s (5a-f) in high yields with inherent viscosities between 0.26-0.62 dL/g. The resulted polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, viscosity measurements, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG), solubility test and FT-IR spectroscopy. Conclusion: This work involved the synthesis and characterization of several new PAIs (5a-f) by direct polycondensation reaction of N-(4-carboxyphenyl)trimellitimide (3) with different 5,5-disubstituted hydantoin derivatives (4a-f) using TPP and pyridine as condensing agents in NMP solution containing dissolved calcium chloride. These new PAIs are soluble in various organic solvents and have good thermal stability. These properties could make these PAIs attractive for practical applications, such as processable highperformance engineering plastics.
Patent•
27 Oct 2010
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a method of producing and purifying dialkyl pemetrexed of formula (I) having antifolate action, which can be used to treat non-small-cell cancer and, coupled with cisplatin, to treat malignant pleural mesothelioma of the lungs.
Abstract: FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention describes a method of producing and a method of purifying dialkyl pemetrexed of formula (I) , having antifolate action. The compound can be used to treat non-small-cell cancer and, coupled with cisplatin, to treat malignant pleural mesothelioma of the lungs. The method includes reacting a carboxylic acid of formula (II) with a diester of glutamic acid of formula (III) or an acid-addition salt thereof. The process is carried out in the presence of a substituted triphenyl phosphate of formula (IV) , a base and a solvent. In formulae (I) and (III) each R1 and R2 independently represents alkyl groups. In formula (IV) X, Y and Z assume values given in the claim. EFFECT: use of safe, mild, cheap, non-oxidising and easy to handle triphenyl phosphate simplifies the process and enables to obtain, for example, diethyl pemetrexed with purity higher than 99%. 14 cl, 12 ex