Achillefs N. Kapanidis

TL;DR: FAMS is a general platform for ratiometric measurements that report on structure, dynamics, stoichiometries, environment, and interactions of diffusing or immobilized molecules, thus enabling detailed mechanistic studies and ultrasensitive diagnostics.

TL;DR: The sorting ability of confocal microscopy equipped with alternating-laser excitation (ALEX) is used to measure accurate FRET efficiencies and distances from single molecules, using corrections that account for cross-talk terms that contaminate the FRET-induced signal, and for differences in the detection efficiency and quantum yield of the probes.

TL;DR: DAOSTORM substantially outperformed the sparse algorithms in simulations at high signal-to-noise ratio typical of STORM data and gave small localization errors similar to the other ‘precise’ algorithm, SA1, together with a sixfold improvement in recall performance.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used fluorescence resonance energy transfer to monitor distances within single molecules of abortively initiating transcription initiation complexes, and they showed that initial transcription proceeds through a "scrunching" mechanism, in which RNA polymerase (RNAP) remains fixed on promoter DNA and pulls downstream DNA into itself and past its active center.

TL;DR: Observations establish that transcription initiation involves a fourth core promoter element, the IIB recognition element (BRE), in addition to the TATAelement, the initiator element, and the downstream promoterelement, and involves a second sequence-specific general transcription factor, IIB, in added to transcription factor IID.