Guide to Selecting a Biorecognition Element for Biosensors.

Viruses are real menace to human safety that cause devastating viral disease. The high prevalence of these diseases is due to improper detecting tools. Therefore, there is a remarkable demand to identify viruses in a fast, selective and accurate way. Several biosensors have been designed and commercialized for detection of pathogenic viruses. However, they present many challenges. Nanotechnology overcomes these challenges and performs direct detection of molecular targets in real time. In this overview, studies concerning nanotechnology-based biosensors for pathogenic virus detection have been summarized, paying special attention to biosensors based on graphene oxide, silica, carbon nanotubes, gold, silver, zinc oxide and magnetic nanoparticles, which could pave the way to detect viral diseases and provide healthy life for infected patients.

Nanomaterial-based biosensors for detection of pathogenic virus

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/8/1/23/pdf

Biosensors for Sustainable Food Engineering: Challenges and Perspectives

Molecular imprinting technology has been widely applied to various fields, owing to unique features of structure predictability, recognition specificity and application universality. Microorganism imprinting has attracted significant interests attributing to the high selectivity, simplicity rapidity, and excellent stability as well as low cost and eco-friendliness. Herein, we purpose to review the recent advances of MIT for microorganism analysis, concerning imprinting methods, analytical detection methods and typical applications. Various imprinting methods including direct and indirect imprinting for microorganism-MIPs preparation are comprehensively summarized. MIPs based biosensors containing fluorescence, electrochemical, piezoelectric and surface plasmon resonance for analytical detection of microorganisms is highlighted. Representative applications of microbiological imprinting are discussed, involving detection and quantification of bacteria, identification of bacterial species, and determination of yeast growth status. Finally, we propose the remaining challenges and future perspectives to accelerate the development and utilization of MIT in microorganism analysis and thereby push forwards microorganism identification and determination.

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Molecular imprinting technology for microorganism analysis

Hydrogel-based biosensors have drawn considerable attention due to their various advantages over conventional detection systems. Recent studies have shown that hydrogel biosensors can be excellent alternative systems to detect a wide range of biomolecules, including small biochemicals, pathogenic proteins, and disease specific genes. Due to the excellent physical properties of hydrogels such as the high water content and stimuli-responsive behavior of cross-linked network structures, this system can offer substantial improvement for the design of novel detection systems for various diagnostic applications. The other main advantage of hydrogels is the role of biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) matrix immobilizing enzymes and aptamers within the detection systems, which enhances their stability. This provides ideal reaction conditions for enzymes and aptamers to interact with substrates within the aqueous environment of the hydrogel. In this review, we have highlighted various novel detection approaches utilizing the outstanding properties of the hydrogel. This review summarizes the recent progress of hydrogel-based biosensors and discusses their future perspectives and clinical limitations to overcome.

Hydrogel Based Biosensors for In Vitro Diagnostics of Biochemicals, Proteins, and Genes.

With the aim of getting earlier, sensitive and specific information on the presence –or absence – of bacterial pathogens, biosensors are getting an increasing interest for more than two decades. This is partly due to their reduced format, to the possibility to address several questions with a single device and also to the increasing panel of physical approaches that can be exploited for signal transducing. When designing a biosensor, the choice of the ligand motif remains a key element as it drives the efficiency and sensitivity of the assay. In this review, we propose to gather and comment different ligands used for the detection of whole cell bacteria. Because time is a crucial issue when looking for a pathogen, our attention was focused on whole cell assays and label-free methods, which enable the user to skip sampling processing steps and decrease the overall test cost.

Ligands for label-free detection of whole bacteria on biosensors: A review

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02565818/document

Antimicrobial peptide arrays for wide spectrum sensing of pathogenic bacteria

Foodborne diseases are a major concern for both food industry and health organizations due to the economic costs and potential threats for human lives. For these reasons, specific regulations impose the research of pathogenic bacteria in food products. Nevertheless, current methods, references and alternatives, take up to several days and require many handling steps. In order to improve pathogen detection in food, we developed an immune-sensor, based on Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) and bacterial growth which allows the detection of a very low number of Listeria monocytogenes in food sample in one day. Adequate sensitivity is achieved by the deposition of several antibodies in a micro-array format allowing real-time detection. This label-free method thus reduces handling and time to result compared with current methods.

Agnès Roux

Papers

Ligands for label-free detection of whole bacteria on biosensors: A review

Antimicrobial peptide arrays for wide spectrum sensing of pathogenic bacteria

Label-Free Immuno-Sensors for the Fast Detection of Listeria in Food.