Andrew G. Fountain

TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual model of water movement through a temper- ate glacier from the surface to the outlet stream is presented, which is fundamental to several critical issues in glaci- ology, including glacier dynamics, glacier induced floods, and the prediction of runoff from glacierized drainage basins.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a network of seven valley floor automatic meteorological stations during the period 1986 to 2000, with mean annual temperatures ranging from −14.8°C to −30.0°C, depending on the site and period of measurement.

TL;DR: Data from the dry valleys are presented representing evidence of rapid terrestrial ecosystem response to climate cooling in Antarctica, including decreased primary productivity of lakes and declining numbers of soil invertebrates, which poses challenges to models of climate and ecosystem change.

TL;DR: The glaciers of western Canada and the conterminous United States have dominantly retreated since the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the nineteenth century, although average rates of retreat varied from strong in the first-half of the twentieth century, with glaciers stabilizing or even advancing until 1980, and then resuming consistent recession as mentioned in this paper.