Andrew Wang

TL;DR: In the early 21st century, IE is more often an acute disease, characterized by a high rate of S aureus infection, and Mortality remains relatively high.

TL;DR: Patients treated with percutaneous repair more commonly required surgery for residual MR during the first year after treatment, but between 1- and 5-year follow-up, comparably low rates of surgery for MV dysfunction with either per cutaneous or surgical therapy endorse the durability of MR reduction with both repair techniques.

TL;DR: Staphylococcus aureus is now the leading cause of Prosthetic valve endocarditis, and health care-associated infection significantly influences the clinical characteristics and outcome of PVE.

TL;DR: Increases in liver stiffness precede fibrosis and potentially myofibroblast activation, and it is suggested that increased liver stiffness may play an important role in initiating the early stages of fibrosis.

TL;DR: Patients treated with percutaneous repair of the mitral valve more commonly required surgery to treat residual MR; however, after the first year of follow-up, there were few surgeries required after either per cutaneous or surgical treatment and no difference in the prevalence of moderate-severe and severe MR or mortality at 4 years.