Showing papers by "Angela Clow published in 2016"
TL;DR: Consensus guidelines are presented on central aspects of CAR assessment, including objective control of sampling accuracy/adherence, participant instructions, covariate accounting, sampling protocols, quantification strategies as well as reporting and interpreting of CAR data.
716 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between stress, anxiety, and belief in conspiracy theories in a sample of 420 U.S. adults and found that more stressful life events and greater perceived stress predicted belief in conspiratorial theories, once effects of social status and age were accounted for.
101 citations
TL;DR: Salivary diurnal cortisol is measured inconsistently across RCTs, which is limiting the interpretation of findings within and across studies and indicates a need for more validation work, along with consensus guidelines.
Abstract: Background
Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is associated with diverse adverse health outcomes, making it an important therapeutic target. Measurement of the diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion provides a window into this system. At present, no guidelines exist for the optimal use of this biomarker within randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
82 citations
TL;DR: It is recommended that PPAC training includes suggestions for facilitating social connections between colleagues, and Programmes should ensure PPACs themselves are provided with social support, especially from others in the same role, to help sustain motivation for their role.
Abstract: Aims:Peer health champions have been suggested as an important component of multilevel workplace interventions to promote healthy behaviours such as physical activity (PA). There is accumulating qu...
34 citations
TL;DR: Cortisol values for verified sampling times accurately mapped on to the typical post-awakening cortisol growth curve, regardless of whether sampling deviated from desired protocol timings, which provides support for incorporating rather than excluding delayed data (up to 15min) in CAR analyses.
21 citations
TL;DR: Results support recognition of the CAR as an important factor contributing to cognitive performance throughout the day and indicate that a smaller CAR in healthy adults is associated with a greater degree of learning and faster performance of a serial sequence reaction time task.
14 citations
TL;DR: The aims of this article are to review the intersections between breathlessness and inflammation in the literature, describe potential mechanisms connecting the two phenomena, and discuss the potential clinical implications of a causal relationship.
Abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW Breathlessness and chronic inflammation both span a wide range of disease contexts and hold prognostic significance. The possibility of a causal relationship between the two has been hypothesized. The aims of this article are to review the intersections between breathlessness and inflammation in the literature, describe potential mechanisms connecting the two phenomena, and discuss the potential clinical implications of a causal relationship. RECENT FINDINGS There is a very limited literature exploring the relationship between systemic inflammation and breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and cancer. One large study in cancer patients is suggestive of a weak association between self-reported breathlessness and inflammation. Studies exploring the relationship between inflammation and Medical Research Council Dyspnoea grade in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients have produced inconsistent findings. Although a causal relationship has not yet been proven, there is evidence to support the existence of potential mechanisms mediating a relationship. This evidence points to a role for the skeletal muscle and stress hormone systems. SUMMARY There is much progress to be made in this area. Interventional studies, evaluating the impact of anti-inflammatory interventions on breathlessness, are needed to help determine whether a causal relationship exists. If proven, this relationship might have important implications for both the treatment and impact of breathlessness.
7 citations
TL;DR: The International Society of Psychoneuroendocrinology initiated an expert panel charged with summarizing relevant evidence and collective experience on methodological factors affecting CAR assessment and formulating clear consensus guidelines for future research.
7 citations
TL;DR: There was a lack of relationship between overall levels or patterns of melatonin and cortisol during this period, and there was a marked 112% surge in cortisol, characteristic of the cortisol awakening response.
Abstract: We report the relationship between patterns of post-awakening salivary melatonin and cortisol secretion in healthy participants (n = 51; mean age 21.6 ± 5.0 years). Saliva samples were collected within the domestic setting, at 0-, 15-, 30-, and 45-min post-awakening on 2 consecutive typical weekdays. Analyses were undertaken on data with electronically verified sample timing accuracy (<5-min delay between awakening and the start of saliva sampling). Melatonin secretion declined linearly by an average of 29% within the first 45-min post-awakening. In contrast, there was a marked 112% surge in cortisol, characteristic of the cortisol awakening response. No day differences in melatonin or cortisol secretion were observed but melatonin concentrations were lower with later awakening. Despite contrasting post-awakening changes in these hormones, there was a lack of relationship between overall levels or patterns of melatonin and cortisol during this period.
5 citations
TL;DR: The data supported evidence of increased total cortisol secretion with increased age and suggested that HCC is able to distinguish levels of well-being in healthy older females.
3 citations