Aude Kienzler

TL;DR: Regulatory requirements and recent case studies are reviewed to illustrate how the risk assessment (RA) of chemical mixtures is conducted, considering both the effects on human health and on the environment.

TL;DR: A systematic review and quantitative reappraisal of 10 years' of experimental mixture studies to investigate the frequency and reliability of evaluations of mixture effects as synergistic or antagonistic confirmed previous concerns about the synergistic potential of combinations of triazine, azole and pyrethroid pesticides at environmentally relevant doses.

TL;DR: Considering the large number of possible combinations of chemicals in mixtures, prioritization is needed, so that actions first address mixtures of highest concern and chemicals that drive the mixture risk.

TL;DR: This review focuses in a first part on what is presently known on a mechanistic basis, about the various DNA repair systems in fish, in vivo and in established cell lines, as well as nucleotide excision repair (NER) and photoreactivation repair (PER), which are by far the most studied repair mechanisms in fish.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that scientific confidence in these pathways can be increased though the use of unconventional information (eg, computational identification of potential initiators) and AOPs at all levels of confidence can contribute to specific uses.