Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/bitstream/handle/11343/197439/1207.0203v1.pdf

Internet of Things (IoT): A vision, architectural elements, and future directions

This paper surveys the field of augmented reality AR, in which 3D virtual objects are integrated into a 3D real environment in real time. It describes the medical, manufacturing, visualization, path planning, entertainment, and military applications that have been explored. This paper describes the characteristics of augmented reality systems, including a detailed discussion of the tradeoffs between optical and video blending approaches. Registration and sensing errors are two of the biggest problems in building effective augmented reality systems, so this paper summarizes current efforts to overcome these problems. Future directions and areas requiring further research are discussed. This survey provides a starting point for anyone interested in researching or using augmented reality.

/pdf/a-survey-of-augmented-reality-17irtaxt7z.pdf

A survey of augmented reality

From the Publisher: 
A Question of Identity 
Life on the Screen is a fascinating and wide-ranging investigation of the impact of computers and networking on society, peoples' perceptions of themselves, and the individual's relationship to machines. Sherry Turkle, a Professor of the Sociology of Science at MIT and a licensed psychologist, uses Internet MUDs (multi-user domains, or in older gaming parlance multi-user dungeons) as a launching pad for explorations of software design, user interfaces, simulation, artificial intelligence, artificial life, agents, "bots," virtual reality, and "the on-line way of life." 
Turkle's discussion of postmodernism is particularly enlightening. She shows how postmodern concepts in art, architecture, and ethics are related to concrete topics much closer to home, for example AI research (Minsky's "Society of Mind") and even MUDs (exemplified by students with X-window terminals who are doing homework in one window and simultaneously playing out several different roles in the same MUD in other windows). Those of you who have (like me) been turned off by the shallow, pretentious, meaningless paintings and sculptures that litter our museums of modern art may have a different perspective after hearing what Turkle has to say. 
This is a psychoanalytical book, not a technical one. However, software developers and engineers will find it highly accessible because of the depth of the author's technical understanding and credibility. Unlike most other authors in this genre, Turkle does not constantly jar the technically-literate reader with blatant errors or bogus assertions about how things work. Although I personally don't have time or patience for MUDs,view most of AI as snake-oil, and abhor postmodern architecture, I thought the time spent reading this book was an extremely good investment.

스크린 위의 삶 = Life on the screen : identity in the age of the internet

物件導向軟體之架構(Object-Oriented Software Construction)探討

Game jams are events that allow game designers to develop innovative games in a time-constrained environment, typically within a 48-hour period during a weekend. Jams provide participants an opportunity to improve their skills, collaborate with their peers, and advance research and creativity in the field of game design. Having coordinated numerous jams locally and as one of the largest venues in the world for GGJ 2011, the authors present learned lessons on how to make these events into amazing collaborative opportunities and their results from research in surveying game jam participants before and after the authors’ most recent jam weekend. DOI: 10.4018/ijgbl.2012070104 52 International Journal of Game-Based Learning, 2(3), 51-70, July-September 2012 Copyright © 2012, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. an analytical comparison of game jam participation to academic performance – concluding that there is indeed a correlation between engaging in community-driven game design and development events such as game jams and academic success in first and second year courses. Our results indicate that while successfully implementing collaborative game jam events requires much diligence and preparation, the rewards in building students’ skills and contributing to their academic success is significant to a game design and development program. History of Game Jams Chris Hecker and a group of 13 other game developers/designers captured the philosophy of open, independent game innovation when establishing one of the first game jams a decade ago in Indie Jam 2002; he states, “Participants can work on their own game, team up with others, do multiple games, do a new game every hour [...], or any combination of thereof” (Hecker, 2001). The modern Global Game Jam (GGJ) was inspired by and modeled itself after the Nordic Game Jam and has roots going back to the Indie Jam in 2002. The Global Game Jam was formed by the IGDA Education SIG director, Susan Gold, in collaboration with Gorm Lai and Ian Schreiber (Gold, 2009). GGJ’s intent was to broaden the outreach of the IGDA’s game education goals of Curriculum Framework and to create games in the world’s largest game jam. The GGJ focuses on collaboration in organizing and in teams making of games at each site. The growth of the GGJ and our local game jam events is an amazing testimony to the efforts of the organizers and the insatiable desire of participants to create. The first GGJ (2009) had over 1600 participants in 23 countries and resulted in 370 games. In 2010, this more than doubled to 4300 participants and 900 games; in 2011, there were 6500 jammers from 44 countries, and over 1500 games were created. In 2009, we began with 14 jammers from two universities at our local site; this has grown to over 150 participants representing seven universities in 2011. Characteristics of a Game Jam As stated by the keynote for GGJ 2010, “gaming is this giant creative space, surrounded by a frontier, and beyond that frontier there are so many countries left to explore” (Curran, 2010). Game jams serve as a means to explore the frontier of game development in a rapidfire, supportive, and entertaining environment. Knowing that thousands of other game designers and developers are collaborating all around the world alongside you is a rich experience that captures the hearts and minds of participants across cultures. The game jams are communitarian events that support creativity and learning and establish spaces that support the indie game development ecosystem (Guevara-Villalobos, 2011). Additionally, game jams support the creative experimentation and prototyping of game ideas in a rapid, cyclic process of 48 hours. The immediacy of other participants at the jam event foster a culture of sharing ideas, play testing, and collaboration in an immediate setting. This rapid prototype model has been adopted elsewhere with success in allowing the best ideas to effervesce to the top by embracing the possibility of failure to encourage risk taking and by inducing creativity through constraint (Shodhan, 2005). Game jam events support the process of learning by using (Rosenberg, 1982); this process of using a hands-on, learning-by-doing approach is a way for participants to explore new technology and refine their current knowledge of tools. Since jam events are intentionally rapid and short-lived, there is little “cost” associated with doing something wrong. This environment is liberating in allowing participants to dedicate a weekend with something new without feeling like they are wasting precious time. Participants have indicated in the past that they are willing to explore new technologies and techniques within a short, constrained weekend event such as a game jam because the jam weekend is an “extra” event and doesn’t take away from their existing projects or work. This leads to more risk taking, exploration, and innovation in a 18 more pages are available in the full version of this document, which may be purchased using the "Add to Cart" button on the product's webpage: www.igi-global.com/article/game-jams-communitymotivations-learning/69785?camid=4v1 This title is available in InfoSci-Journals, InfoSci-Journal Disciplines Library Science, Information Studies, and Education, InfoSci-Select, InfoSci-Select, InfoSciCommunications, Online Engagement, and Media eJournal Collection, InfoSci-Educational Leadership, Administration, and Technologies eJournal Collection, InfoSci-Select, InfoSci-Select, InfoSci-Journal Disciplines Communications and Social Science. Recommend this product to your

Game jams: Community, motivations, and learning among jammers

Walter Benjamin is best known for his essay ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction’, (Benjamin, 1968b) in which he argues that film and other mechanical technologies are destroying the aura that had belonged to traditional art. In this article we apply Benjamin’s concept of aura to new (digital) media, and in particular to ‘mixed reality’, a group of technologies that blend computer-generated visual, aural, and textual information into the user’s physical environment. We argue that mixed reality increases the options for designer-artists and apparently allows the invocation of aura in new ways. Our culture’s pursuit of auratic experience remains problematic in mixed reality as it was for Benjamin in the case of film. New media maintain aura in a permanent state of oscillation or crisis, and this crisis is a key to understanding new media.

https://www.andredeak.com.br/pdf/newmedia_crise_aura_bolter.pdf

New Media and the Permanent Crisis of Aura

We provide an overview of the early stages of three related research projects whose goals are to exploit augmented reality, virtual worlds, and artificial intelligence to explore relationships between perceived architectural space and the structural systems that support it. In one project, we use a see-through head-mounted display to overlay a graphic representation of a building's structural systems on the user's view of a room within the building. This overlaid virtual world shows the out-lines of the concrete joists, beams, and columns surrounding the room, as well as the reinforcing steel inside them, and includes displays from a commercially available structural analysis program. In a related project, the structural view is exposed by varying the opacity of room finishes and concrete in a 3D model of the room and surrounding structure rendered on a conventional CRT. We also describe a hypermedia database, currently under construction, depicting major, twentieth-century American buildings. The interactive, multidisciplinary elements of the database-including structural and thermal analyses, free body diagrams which show how forces are resisted by portions of a structure under various loading conditions, facsimiles of construction documents, and critical essays-are bound together and made available over the World-Wide Web. Finally, we discuss the relationships among all these projects, and their potential applications to teaching architecture students and to construction, assembly, and repair of complex structures.

Architectural anatomy

One important tool for developing complex interactive applications is "Wizard of Oz "(WOz)simulation.WOz simulation allows design concepts,content and partially completed applications to be tested on users without the need to first create a completely working system.In this paper we discuss the integration of wizard interface tools into a Mixed Reality (MR)design environment and show how easier creation and evolution of wizard interfaces can lead to an expanded role for WOz-based testing during the design evolution of MR experiences.We share our experiences designing an audio experience in an historic site,and illustrate the evolution of the wizard interfaces alongside the user experience

http://spdow.ucsd.edu/files/AEL-WOZ-CHI2005.pdf

Wizard of Oz interfaces for mixed reality applications

The authors discuss their work on applying media theory to the creation of narrative augmented reality (AR) experiences. We summarize the concepts of remediation and media forms as they relate to our work, argue for their importance to the development of a new medium such as AR, and present two examples AR experiences we have designed using these conceptual tools. In particular, we focus on leveraging the interaction between the physical and virtual world, remediating existing media (film, stage and interactive CD-ROM), and building on the cultural expectations of our users.

https://www.cc.gatech.edu/~blair/papers/isar01-narrative-toappear.pdf

Blair MacIntyre

Papers

Game jams: Community, motivations, and learning among jammers

New Media and the Permanent Crisis of Aura

Architectural anatomy

Wizard of Oz interfaces for mixed reality applications

Augmented reality as a new media experience