Brendon P. Scicluna

TL;DR: Pivotal for the clinical development of new sepsis therapies is the selection of patients on the basis of biomarkers and/or functional defects that provide specific insights into the expression or activity of the therapeutic target.

TL;DR: It is found that the gut microbiota protects the host during pneumococcal pneumonia, as reflected by increased bacterial dissemination, inflammation, organ damage and mortality in microbiota-depleted mice compared with controls.

TL;DR: The transcriptional and metabolic profiling of human patients with sepsis found that a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis was an important component of initial activation of host defense, and the immunometabolic defects in humans were partially restored by therapy with recombinant interferon-γ, which suggested that metabolic processes might represent a therapeutic target in sepsi.

TL;DR: The genomic response of patients with sepsis was consistent with immune suppression at the onset of secondary infection, and such infections contributed only modestly to overall mortality.

TL;DR: This study provides a method for the molecular classification of patients with sepsis to four different endotypes upon ICU admission and established candidate biomarkers for the endotypes to allow identification of patient endotypes in clinical practice.