C. Allegra

TL;DR: A systematic approach has been developed with recommendations based upon cumulative evidence from the literature, which range from Level I and Grade A to Level III and Grade C, and includes meta-analysis Meta-analyses but there should be caution as to their possible abuse.

TL;DR: An International Interdisciplinary Committee updated and refined the official Terminologia Anatomica regarding the veins of the lower limbs and the nomenclature of the venous system of the pelvis, which includes the use of eponyms and terms and adjectives of particular importance in clinical vascular anatomy.

TL;DR: Varicose veins recurred despite technically correct surgery confirmed on post-operative duplex ultrasonography, and the likelihood of recurrence increased in the presence of SSV reflux, perforating vein incompetence and post-thrombotic deep vein incompetence.

TL;DR: The field of chronic venous disease (CVD) has suffered from a lack of precision in diagnosis, which has led to conflicting reports in studies of management of specific venous problems and adoption of a single classification worldwide would facilitate meaningful communication about CVD and serve as a basis for a more scientific analysis of management alternatives.

TL;DR: The aim was to confirm or dispel long-held hemodynamic principles and to provide a comprehensive review of venous hemodynamic concepts underlying the pathophysiology of lower limb venous disorders, their usefulness for investigating patients and the relevant hemodynamic changes associated with various forms of treatment.