Charles A. Staples

TL;DR: Bisphenol A (CAS 85-05-7) is "slightly to moderately" toxic and has low potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms, with most levels nondetected.

TL;DR: Nearly 400 test results covering more than 60 species of microorganisms, algae, invertebrates, and fish are reported for both freshwater and saltwater aquatic species, creating a toxicological database of both sufficient depth to compare many similar tests and sufficient breadth to encompass virtually all important types of aquatic habitats and classes of aquatic species.

TL;DR: All surface water concentrations from this and other studies were less than the freshwater predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) of 64 micrograms/l, suggesting that BPA discharges from manufacturing and processing facilities to surface water do not pose an environmental concern.

TL;DR: The results suggest the frequency of locations in which concentrations are likely to cause adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems is low, with the exception of sediments collected from some highly urbanized and industrial locations.

TL;DR: The effect data on different aquatic invertebrates and plant species presented in this paper correspond well with the effect and no-effect concentrations available from invertebrate studies in the published literature and are within the range found for other aquatic species tested with BPA.