Charlotte Ling

TL;DR: Older monozygous twins exhibited remarkable differences in their overall content and genomic distribution of 5-methylcytosine DNA and histone acetylation, affecting their gene-expression portrait, indicating how an appreciation of epigenetics is missing from the understanding of how different phenotypes can be originated from the same genotype.

TL;DR: The increased risk of T2D conferred by variants in TCF7L2 involves the enteroinsular axis, enhanced expression of the gene in islets, and impaired insulin secretion.

TL;DR: A perspective will focus on the roles of DNA methylation and histone modification in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, suggesting a role for epigenetic factors in the complex interplay between genes and the environment.

TL;DR: The genome-wide pattern of DNA methylation in human adipose tissue from 23 healthy men, with a previous low level of physical activity, before and after a six months exercise intervention is described, potentially affecting adipocyte metabolism.

TL;DR: This Review summarizes epigenetic signatures obtained from human tissues of relevance for metabolism—i.e., adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, pancreatic islets, liver, and blood—in relation to obesity and T2D to support not only a role for epigenetics in disease development, but also epigenetic alterations as a response to disease.