Series Editor's Preface. Introduction by John Breuilly. Acknowledgements. 1. Definitions. State and nation. The nation. 2. Culture in Agrarian Society. Power and culture in the agro-literature society. The varieties of agrarian rulers. 3. Industrial Society. The society of perpetual growth. Social genetics. The age of universal high culture. 4. The Transition to an Age of Nationalism. A note on the weakness of nationalism. Wild and garden culture. 5. What is a Nation. The course of true nationalism never did run smooth. 6. Social Entropy and Equality in Industrial Society. Obstacles to entropy. Fissures and barriers. A diversity of focus. 7. A Typology of Nationalisms. The varieties of nationalist experience. Diaspora nationalism. 8. The Future of Nationalism. Industrial culture - one or many?. 9. Nationalism and Ideology. Who is for Nuremberg?. One nation, one state. 10. Conclusion. What is not being said. Summary. Select bibliography. Bilbliography of Ernest Gellner's writing: Ian Jarvie. Index

Nations and Nationalism

Introduction - after the science question in feminism. Part 1 Science: feminism confronts the sciences how the women's movement benefits science - two views why \"physics\" is a bad model for physics. Part 2 Epistemology: what is feminist epistemology \"strong objectivity\" and socially situated knowledge feminist epistemology in and after the enlightenment. Part 3 \"Others\": \"...and race?\" - the science question in global feminism common histories, common destinies - science in the first and third worlds \"real science\" thinking from the perspective of lesbian lives reinventing ourselves as other Conclusion - what is a feminist science.

Whose Science? Whose Knowledge? Thinking from Women's Lives

Nos últimos trinta trinta anos, houve profundas mudanças na forma como compreendemos o crime e a justiça criminal. O crime tornou-se um evento simbólico, um verdadeiro teste para a ordem social e para as políticas governamentais, um desafio para a sociedade civil, para a democracia e para os direitos humanos. Segundo David Garland, professor da Faculdade de Direito da New York University, um dos principais autores no campo da Sociologia da Punição e com artigo publicado na Revista de Sociologia e Política , número 13, na modernidade tardia houve uma verdadeira obsessão securitária, direcionando as políticas criminais para um maior rigor em relação às penas e maior intolerância com o criminoso. Há trinta anos, nos EUA e na Inglaterra essa tendência era insuspeita. O livro mostra que os dois países compartilham intrigantes similaridades em suas práticas criminais, a despeito da divisão racial, das desigualdades econômicas e da letalidade violenta que marcam fortemente o cenário americano. Segundo David Garland, encontram-se nos dois países os “mesmos tipos de riscos e inseguranças, a mesma percepção a respeito dos problemas de um controle social não-efetivo, as mesmas críticas da justiça criminal tradicional, e as mesmas ansiedades recorrentes sobre mudança e ordem sociais”1 (GARLAND, 2001, p. 2). O argumento principal da obra é o seguinte: a modernidade tardia, esse distintivo padrão de relações sociais, econômicas e culturais, trouxe consigo um conjunto de riscos, inseguranças e problemas de controle social que deram uma configuração específica às nossas respostas ao crime, ao garantir os altos custos das políticas criminais, o grau máximo de duração das penas e a excessivas taxas de encarceramento.

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rsocp/n20/n20a15.pdf

The culture of control: crime and social order in contemporary, society

of distinguished and rather senior economists – makes at the end of the book. Their priorities tend to be quick-fixes of problems that might, at least partly, be caused by some other challenge. More importantly, the panellists tend to disregard some of the evidence assembled by the authors. The reactions to the excellent chapter on armed conflict by Collier & Hoeffler illustrate that Nobel awards are no protection against bias. One member of the panel dismisses the economic sources of war that the Oxford economists analyse and points out that free trade is the main pacifying force, while another famous panellist mentions ethnic or religious hatred as a source of conflict. Gerald Schneider

At War’s End: Building Peace After Civil Conflict:

It’s been a long time since academic discussions about research and teaching were part of the board meetings of the department of Anthropology and Sociology of the University of Amsterdam. Most of our meetings today deal with administrative problems [...]

Seeing like a State.

International Relations scholars increasingly are interested in practice. Following a larger turn to practices in the social sciences, a broad movement of scholars aims at studying practices. In this introduction we discuss what is fascinating about practice. International Practice Theory offers a genuine novel perspective on politics and international relations and comes along with a range of promises to analyze the world differently. We also provide an overview of the different strategies we adopt to explain what International Practice Theory is and does.

Introducing International Practice Theory

International operations against piracy in the Western Indian Ocean are due to wind down. Some major external navies will probably remain, but the region’s states will have to adjust to their new role in managing the challenging security environment. In this article, Christian Bueger and Jan Stockbruegger examine the options for cooperation in this volatile region.

Pirates, Drugs and Navies: Why the Western Indian Ocean needs a new security architecture

We tend to think of pirates as an ancient menace or the characters of romantic Hollywood dramas. But today, piracy is a serious scourge for mariners around the world. The most pressing problem for many years has been piracy off the coast of Somalia. Pirates hijacked hundreds of vessels and turned the Gulf of Aden into one of the most dangerous waterways in the world. By 2015 the problem had been more or less under control thanks to the substantial efforts of international actors. Naval missions, arrest, surveillance and capacity-building programmes in the Eastern African region have all contributed to a decline of piracy (Bueger 2015a). When Somali piracy escalated from 2008 the problem gave birth to an expanding field of international counter-piracy governance coordinating these activities (Bueger 2013). This field of international governance has become an interesting site of experimentation. International actors have tried out various means which are rather unconventional in a world political context. Examples include coordination through new types of informal fora, the innovative use of communication technology for coordination, or the harmonization of arrest, transfer and prosecution policies through legal tool kits (Tardy 2014). These innovations led to a fairly unique and harmonized international response to Somali piracy at the heart of which is an informal global governance mechanism, the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (CGPCS).

Experimenting with Global Governance: Learning Lessons in the Contact Group on Piracy

This article aims to identify how the global response to wildlife crime can be improved and what role
South Africa might play in it. To do so, we examine the emerging global wildlife crime regime and the
challenges it faces. To offer an understanding of how governance could be improved, we ask how
the success in curbing another transnational crime, piracy off the coast of Somalia, can serve as an
example of international coordination. We discuss core lessons from the coordination and
governance of counter-piracy. Through the comparison, we identify core dimensions by which the
coordination of responses to wildlife crime might be improved. Our conclusion stresses the
importance of more focused, inclusive and experimental forums. We end by outlining a number of
core issues that South Africa should start to consider in its wildlife policies.

/pdf/poachers-pirates-and-wildlife-crime-improving-coordination-12btewy91t.pdf

Poachers, Pirates and Wildlife Crime: Improving coordination of the global response

Maritime piracy – hijackings, kidnapping, hostage taking and armed robbery at sea – presents an ongoing challenge for the international community. What was long perceived as a problem of the past is today recognised to be a major challenge for international security. To act against piracy has proven to be an intricate affair. The new attention to piracy and indeed the return of the problem on the agendas of global politics started with the significant increase of piracy incidents in Southeast Asia in the 1990s. Southeast Asia has since seen the creation of a regional cooperation framework that addresses piracy through information sharing, improved coordination and common strategy making. Although piracy incidents in the area still occur, a viable counterpiracy infrastructure has been put in place to address the menace, and arguably piracy is well contained in the area. Piracy in the Horn of Africa and the Western Indian Ocean region is a different story. The international community has been increasingly engaged in the area since 2007, when the UN Security Council began to approach the issue. International actors, including states and international organisations, have been quite innovative in organising the response: multilateral naval missions organised by the US, NATO and the EU have been dispatched to the area; over 30 states participate in naval counterpiracy activities; states, international organisations (including the UN, the International Maritime Organisation, Interpol and the UN Office of Drugs and Crime) and private actors (such as shipping associations) coordinate their activity in the working groups of a UN Contact Group; over 1000 pirates have been prosecuted or are awaiting trial; and a complex international counterpiracy programme mixes security and law enforcement with regional rule of law projects, maritime security sector reforms and development programmes. Yet success is still limited. According to Jack Lang, the UN special adviser on piracy, ‘the race between the pirates and the international community is progressively being won by the pirates’. 1 The authors of this special section discuss what makes it so difficult for the international community to cope with piracy. They discuss the intricacies of finding tailored strategies and the obstacles and complexities that actors face in addressing Somali piracy. The authors draw on research from the emerging inter-disciplinary field of piracy studies, which has attracted a growing number of researchers from different disciplines. 2 Piracy studies is an intellectual project that focuses on understanding the return of piracy, how piracy is organised in different parts of the world, how it is embedded in a larger historical context and as part of international dynamics, and how counterpiracy responses can be improved (Bueger, 2013). It explores the relationship between piracy and other threats, such as terrorism, and uses it as a paradigmatic example for understanding contemporary international problems. Through this lens, piracy studies facilitate a productive inter-disciplinary dialogue and bring perspectives into the conversation that have often been understood as competitors or even as incommensurable. Scholars from international law, international security, development studies, logistics, economics and technical

Christian Bueger

Papers

Introducing International Practice Theory

Pirates, Drugs and Navies: Why the Western Indian Ocean needs a new security architecture

Experimenting with Global Governance: Learning Lessons in the Contact Group on Piracy

Poachers, Pirates and Wildlife Crime: Improving coordination of the global response

The Global Fight against Piracy