Note: Times Cited: 875 Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-206025doi:10.1021/cr0501846View record in Web of Science URL: ://WOS:000249839900009 Record created on 2015-03-03, modified on 2017-05-12

Complex Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage

Hazard evaluation of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity for three typical MH2 (M= Mg, Ti, Zr) of energetic materials

Tuning the agglomeration and combustion characteristics of aluminized propellants via a new functionalized fluoropolymer

Synthetic organic dyes are widely used in various industrial sectors but are also among the most harmful water pollutants. In the last decade, significant efforts have been made to develop improved materials for the removal of dyes from water, in particular, on nanostructured adsorbent materials. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are an attractive class of hybrid nanostructured materials with an extremely wide range of applications including adsorption. In the present work, an iron-based Fe-BTC MOF, prepared according to a rapid, aqueous-based procedure, was used as an adsorbent for the removal of alizarin red S (ARS) and malachite green (MG) dyes from water. The synthesized material was characterized in detail, while the adsorption of the dyes was monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy. An optimal adsorption pH of 4, likely due to the establishment of favorable interactions between dyes and Fe-BTC, was found. At this pH and at a temperature of 298 K, adsorption equilibrium was reached in less than 30 min following a pseudo-second order kinetics, with k″ of 4.29 × 10-3 and 3.98 × 10-2 g∙mg-1 min-1 for ARS and MG, respectively. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model with maximal adsorption capacities of 80 mg∙g-1 (ARS) and 177 mg∙g-1 (MG), and KL of 9.30·103 L∙mg-1 (ARS) and 51.56·103 L∙mg-1 (MG).

https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/788/pdf

Adsorption of Malachite Green and Alizarin Red S Dyes Using Fe-BTC Metal Organic Framework as Adsorbent.

Recent progress on transition metal oxides and carbon-supported transition metal oxides as catalysts for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

A metal organic framework (MOF) material, Fe-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Fe-BTC), was investigated as a candidate for the combustion catalyst of solid propellants containing ammonium perchlorate. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was found to be evidently enhanced in the presence of Fe-BTC. Unlike the pristine AP, the thermal decomposition and phase transition of AP in the AP/Fe-BTC system occur at almost the same temperature, resulting in a reduced decomposition temperature of 243 °C, which is 36 °C lower than that of the pristine AP. Moreover, introducing 1.0 wt% of Fe-BTC to BAMO–THF propellant with AP as the oxidizer could improve its combustion performance by effectively decreasing the pressure exponents.

Effects of metal organic framework Fe-BTC on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Hydrogen-enhanced combustion of a composite propellant with ZrH2 as the fuel

A review on the high energy oxidizer ammonium dinitramide: Its synthesis, thermal decomposition, hygroscopicity, and application in energetic materials

Metal hydrides are regarded as a series of promising hydrogen-supplying fuel for solid rocket propellants. Their effects on the energetic and combustion performances of propellants are closely related to their reaction mechanisms. Here we report a first attempt to determine the reaction mechanism of ZrH2, a high-density metal hydride, in the combustion of a double-base propellant to evaluate its potential as a fuel. ZrH2 is determined to possess good resistance to oxidation by nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. Thus its combustion starts with dehydrogenation to generate H2 and metallic Zr. Subsequently, the newly formed Zr and H2 participate in the combustion and, especially, Zr melts and then combusts on the burning surface which favors the heat feedback to the propellant. This phenomenon is completely different from the combustion behavior of the traditional fuel Al, where the Al particles are ejected off the burning surface of the propellant to get into the luminous flame zone to burn. The findings in this work validate the potential of ZrH2 as a hydrogen-supplying fuel for double-base propellants.

On the combustion mechanisms of ZrH2 in double-base propellant

As a new type of carbon material, graphene oxide aerogel (GA) is widely used in catalysis due to its porous structure, high-efficiency adsorption, and superb conductivity. In this study, GA was prepared into a dense coating layer surrounding ZnCo2O4/ZnO particles to form a composite GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO by means of a hydrothermal, blast drying, and vacuum-freeze-drying approach applied to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The physicochemical properties of the obtained GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO were characterized by different analytical methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis exhibited that GA is coated on the surface of ZnCo2O4/ZnO, forming a dense layer. Brunner Emmet Teller (BET) measurement results show that GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO has a smooth macropore distribution curve and a larger specific surface area. Moreover, The catalytic effect investigation on AP with GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO: the high temperature decomposition (HTD) peak temperature of AP in the presence of 5 wt % GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO was reduced from 441 to 294 °C, and the exotherm of AP was expanded from 205 to 1275 J/g at a heating rate of 15 °C/min. Through the calculation, GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO makes the activation energy and Gibbs free energy of the AP pyrolysis lower so that the reaction is easier to occur. Thermogravimetric-mass (TG-MS) spectrometry revealed that during thermal decomposition of AP, GA-ZnCo2O4/ZnO leveraged the synergistic catalysis of ZnCo2O4/ZnO and GA that boosted the flow of electrons from ClO4- to O2 and increased the absorption of the gas product to accelerate the AP pyrolysis. These results provided a facile strategy to prepare GA-based composite catalysts with extraordinary application prospects in the domain of solid propellants.

Dense, Three-Dimensional, Highly Absorbent, Graphene Oxide Aerogel Coating on ZnCo2O4/ZnO Particles Exerts a Synergistic Catalytic Effect for Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition.

Chunlei Xuan

Papers

Effects of metal organic framework Fe-BTC on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Hydrogen-enhanced combustion of a composite propellant with ZrH2 as the fuel

A review on the high energy oxidizer ammonium dinitramide: Its synthesis, thermal decomposition, hygroscopicity, and application in energetic materials

On the combustion mechanisms of ZrH2 in double-base propellant

Dense, Three-Dimensional, Highly Absorbent, Graphene Oxide Aerogel Coating on ZnCo2O4/ZnO Particles Exerts a Synergistic Catalytic Effect for Ammonium Perchlorate Thermal Decomposition.