[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Since the discovery of mechanically exfoliated graphene in 2004, research on ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials has grown exponentially in the fields of condensed matter physics, material science, chemistry, and nanotechnology. Highlighting their compelling physical, chemical, electronic, and optical properties, as well as their various potential applications, in this Review, we summarize the state-of-art progress on the ultrathin 2D nanomaterials with a particular emphasis on their recent advances. First, we introduce the unique advances on ultrathin 2D nanomaterials, followed by the description of their composition and crystal structures. The assortments of their synthetic methods are then summarized, including insights on their advantages and limitations, alongside some recommendations on suitable characterization techniques. We also discuss in detail the utilization of these ultrathin 2D nanomaterials for wide ranges of potential applications among the electronics/optoelectronics, electrocat...

Recent Advances in Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Reverse osmosis desalination: Water sources, technology, and today's challenges

Even though heterogeneous photocatalysis appeared in many forms, photodegradation of organic pollutants has recently been the most widely investigated. By far, titania has played a much larger role in this scenario compared to other semiconductor photocatalysts due to its cost effectiveness, inert nature and photostability. Extensive literature analysis has shown many possibilities of improving the efficiency of photodecomposition over titania by combining the photoprocess with either physical or chemical operations. The resulting combined processes revealed a flexible line of action for wastewater treatment technologies. The choice of treatment method usually depends upon the composition of the wastewater. However, a lot more is needed from engineering design and modelling for successful application of the laboratory scale techniques to large-scale operation. The present review paper seeks to offer an overview of the dramatic trend in the use of the TiO 2 photocatalyst for remediation and decontamination of wastewater, report the recent work done, important achievements and problems.

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Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over titanium dioxide : A review of fundamentals, progress and problems

Membranes have an increasingly important role in alleviating water scarcity and the pollution of aquatic environments. Promising molecular-level design approaches are reviewed for membrane materials, focusing on how these materials address the urgent requirements of water treatment applications.

Materials for next-generation desalination and water purification membranes

A series of carefully designed polyamide thin film composite nanofiltration membranes (TFCMs) were prepared via interfacial polymerization of piperazine (PIP), N-aminoethyl piperazine (AEP) or N-aminoethyl piperazine propane sulfonate (AEPPS) with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on top of hydrolysed polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration supporting membranes (hPAN-UF). Chemical structures of the TFCMs were evaluated by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The cross section and surface characteristics of the TFCMs were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle measurements and zeta potential. Membrane fouling characteristics were studied by the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme (LYZ). Varying the diamine affected the structure of the resulting membranes, which ultimately defined separation performance and antifouling property. The results of water contact angle indicated zwitterionic membranes were more hydrophilic, which incorporated polyamide selective layer thickness to account for their high water flux (80.3 L m−2 h−1). Compared with other TFCMs, zwitterionic membranes showed an improved antifouling property due to their high hydrophilicity, low surface electrical charges and smooth surface roughness. These results provide important insights into the high water permeability and low fouling characteristics of zwitterionic nanofiltration membranes from molecular structure and interfacial polymerization process.

Tailoring the structure of polyamide thin film composite membrane with zwitterions to achieve high water permeability and antifouling property

Polyamide thin-film composite membrane fabricated through interfacial polymerization coupled with surface amidation for improved reverse osmosis performance

Current Patents of Forward Osmosis Membrane Process

In this work, a polyamide membrane was first prepared via in situ introduction of a surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) initiator in interfacial polymerization. Then, a...

Congjie Gao

Papers

Tailoring the structure of polyamide thin film composite membrane with zwitterions to achieve high water permeability and antifouling property

Polyamide thin-film composite membrane fabricated through interfacial polymerization coupled with surface amidation for improved reverse osmosis performance

Current Patents of Forward Osmosis Membrane Process

One-Step Surface Grafting Method for Preparing Zwitterionic Nanofiltation Membrane via In Situ Introduction of Initiator in Interfacial Polymerization

The influence of phase inversion process modified by chemical reaction on membrane properties and morphology