计量经济分析 = Econometric analysis

Statistics for Spatial Data.

The present historical moment may seem a particularly inopportune time to review Bowling Alone, Robert Putnam's latest exploration of civic decline in America. After all, the outpouring of volunteerism, solidarity, patriotism, and self-sacrifice displayed by Americans in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks appears to fly in the face of Putnam's central argument: that \"social capital\" -defined as \"social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them\" (p. 19)'has declined to dangerously low levels in America over the last three decades. However, Putnam is not fazed in the least by the recent effusion of solidarity. Quite the contrary, he sees in it the potential to \"reverse what has been a 30to 40-year steady decline in most measures of connectedness or community.\"' As an example of how the current \"war on terrorism\" could generate a durable civic renewal, Putnam points to the burst in civic practices that occurred during and after World War II, which he says \"permanently marked\" the generation that lived through it and had a \"terrific effect on American public life over the last half-century.\" 3 If Americans can follow this example and channel their current civic

Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community

The author systematically examines one of the important issues of information — establishing the market price. He introduces the concept of «search» — where a buyer wanting to get a better price, is forced to question sellers. The article deals with various aspects of finding the necessary information.

Economics of Information

The demarcation of science from other intellectual activities-long an analytic problem for philosophers and sociologists-is here examined as a practical problem for scientists. Construction of a boundary between science and varieties of non-science is useful for scientists' pursuit of professional goals: acquisition of intellectual authority and career opportunities; denial of these resources to "pseudoscientists"; and protection of the autonomy of scientific research from political interference. "Boundary-work" describes an ideological style found in scientists' attempts to create a public image for science by contrasting it favorably to non-scientific intellectual or technical activities. Alternative sets of characteristics available for ideological attribution to science reflect ambivalences or strains within the institution: science can be made to look empirical or theoretical, pure or applied. However, selection of one or another description depends on which characteristics best achieve the demarcation in a way that justifies scientists' claims to authority or resources. Thus, "science" is no single thing: its boundaries are drawn and redrawn inflexible, historically changing and sometimes ambiguous ways.

Boundary-Work and the Demarcation of Science from Non-Science: Strains and Interests in Professional Ideologies of Scientists

In so far as there exists a traditional account, a received opinion concerning the place occupied by Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik in the development of Frege's philosophical thought, it is, I think, this: the Begriffsschrift of 1879 introduced virtually all of the revolutionary technical innovations which were to comprise Frege's lasting contributions to logic.1 These included a notation for expressing multiple generality, using quantifiers and bound variables; a truth-functional account of the logical connectives; an anticipation of the theory of types; the beginnings of a functorial grammar; and a complete formalisation of the first-order predicate calculus with identity. With such technical sophistication, however, Frege combined a relatively naive account of the philosophical foundations of logic, that is, of such concepts as function, argument, judgement, meaning, assertion, identity, predication and the like though the naivety here, it should be said, is relative more to Frege's subsequent writings on such topics than to the pronouncements of his predecessors and contemporaries. In Gl, which appeared some five years later, much of this naivety has disappeared and we meet for the first time "the mature Frege". Virtually all of his subsequent work, we are told, is either propounded or at least adumbrated in Gl: the realism, the anti-psychologism; the sharp distinction between objects and concepts; the doctrine that numbers are independently existing abstract objects which can be identified with conceptual extensions; and so on. The only doctrines absent from Gl are those which depend

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/2219110

The Place of the Grundlagen in Feege’s Development

Cosmetic surgery tourism (CST) can be defined as travel to access procedures to enhance appearance. It is a rapidly growing form of medical tourism, normally paid for out-of-pocket and constructed as elective. This chapter presents an overview of CST informed by the results of the largest research project to date to investigate CST. Drawing on participant observation and over 200 interviews, the authors provide a picture of the CST sector and of patient experiences. The chapter describes the main drivers and the decision-making processes of patients, outlines the roles of key players such as facilitators and agents, considers the marketing of CST and in particular the role of the internet and social media, and discusses patient outcomes. CST is seen as a trailblazer for medical tourism and the globalisation of health care, and the chapter discusses the likely future developments in the field. Issues of regulation and debates about the ‘burden’ of CST on domestic health care are highlighted.

David Bell

Papers

The Place of the Grundlagen in Feege’s Development

Cosmetic surgery tourism

Special Session Summary New Directions in Reference Price Research

Gottlob Frege: Philosophical and Mathematical Correspondence.

Stoke-on-Trent: a creative city?