David K. Johnson

TL;DR: Here, the natural resistance of plant cell walls to microbial and enzymatic deconstruction is considered, collectively known as “biomass recalcitrance,” which is largely responsible for the high cost of lignocellulose conversion.

TL;DR: Four different techniques incorporating X-ray diffraction and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were compared using eight different cellulose preparations and it was found that the simplest method, which is also the most widely used, and which involves measurement of just two heights in the X- Ray diffractogram, produced significantly higher crystallinity values than did the other methods.

TL;DR: In this article, a list of potential uses of lignin was compiled and sorted into broad classifications (listed above as power, fuel, syngas, macromolecules; and aromatics).

TL;DR: Direct evidence is provided to support the notion that the best pretreatment schemes for rendering biomass more digestible to cellobiohydrolase enzymes are those that improve access to the cellulose in biomass cell walls, as well as those able to reduce the crystallinity of cell wall cellulose.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an extension of this concept that produces phenomenological descriptions that permit comparisons of different fractionation proceses and yield some pseudokinetic parameters for aspen acid-catalyzed fractionation.