David M. Underhill

TL;DR: The data suggest that TLRs sample the contents of the phagosome independent of the nature of the contents, and can establish a combinatorial repertoire to discriminate among the large number of pathogen-associated molecular patterns found in nature.

TL;DR: It is shown that Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited specifically to macrophage phagosomes containing yeast, and that a point mutation in the receptor abrogates inflammatory responses to yeast and Gram-positive bacteria, but not to Gram-negative bacteria.

TL;DR: It is shown that toll-like receptors are required for the induction of TNF-alpha in macrophages by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and that TLR2-dependent signaling mediates responses to mycobacterial cell wall fractions enriched for lipoarrabinomannan, mycolylarabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex, or M. tuberculosis total lipids.

TL;DR: It is shown that for intact L. interrogans, it is LPS, not lipoprotein, that constitutes the predominant signaling component for macrophages through a TLR2 pathway, providing a basis for understanding the innate immune response caused by leptospirosis.

TL;DR: Dynamin 2, a ubiquitously expressed dynamin isoform, has a role in phagocytosis in macrophages and expression of a dominant-negative mutant of dynamin 2 significantly inhibits particle internalization at the stage of membrane extension around the particle.