E. E. Chang

TL;DR: In this article, the waste-to-energy (WTE) supply chain as district energy system should be a viable method towards circular industrial economy, and several essential state-of-the-art WTE technologies including combustion, gasification and anaerobic digestion were evaluated.

Abstract: CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a promising technology wherein CO2 is captured and stored in solid form for further utilization instead of being released into the atmosphere in high concentrations. Under this framework, a new process called accelerated carbonation has been widely researched and developed. In this process, alkaline materials are reacted with high-purity CO2 in the presence of moisture to accelerate the reaction to a timescale of a few minutes or hours. The feedstock for accelerated carbonation includes natural silicate-minerals (e.g., wollastonite, serpentine, and olivine) and industrial residues (e.g., steelmaking slag, municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash, and air pollution control (APC) residues). This research article focuses on carbonation technologies that use industrial alkaline wastes, such as steelmaking slags and metalworking wastewater. The carbonation of alkaline solid waste has been shown to be an effective way to capture CO2 and to eliminate the contents of Ca(OH)2 in solid residues, thus improving the durability of concrete blended with the carbonated residues. However, the operating conditions must be further studied for both the economic viability of the technology and the optimal conditions for CO2 reaction.

TL;DR: Carbon dioxide sequestration using the accelerated carbonation of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag in a high-gravity rotating packed bed (RPB) under various operational conditions was investigated and acceleration in a RPB was confirmed to be a viable method due to its higher mass-transfer rate.

TL;DR: This study demonstrated that, in MRC‐5 fibroblasts, Cd induced caspase‐independent apoptosis through a mitochondria‐ROS pathway, and provided several lines of evidence supporting a role of mitochondrial ETC and MPTP in the regulation of casp enzyme‐independent cell death triggered by Cd.

TL;DR: The role of bromide in the formation and speciation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during chlorination and the halogen substitution ability of HOBr and HOCl during the formation of THMs and HAAs can be determined based on probability theory.