Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

J. Appl. Cryst.の発刊に際して

Recent developments in isocyanide based multicomponent reactions in applied chemistry

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are fundamentally different from two-component reactions in several aspects. Among the MCRs, those with isocyanides have developed into popular organic-chemical reactions in the pharmaceutical industry for the preparation of compound libraries of low-molecular druglike compounds. With a small set of starting materials, very large libraries can be built up within a short time, which can then be used for research on medicinal substances. Due to the intensive research of the last few years, many new backbone types have become accessible. MCRs are also increasingly being employed in the total synthesis of natural products. MCRs and especially MCRs with isocyanides offer many opportunities to attain new reactions and basic structures. However, this requires that the chemist learns the “language” of MCRs, something that this review wishes to stimulate.

Multicomponent Reactions with Isocyanides.

N-Heterocyclic carbenes have become universal ligands in organometallic and inorganic coordination chemistry. They not only bind to any transition metal, be it in low or high oxidation states, but also to main group elements such as beryllium, sulfur, and iodine. Because of their specific coordination chemistry, N-heterocyclic carbenes both stabilize and activate metal centers in quite different key catalytic steps of organic syntheses, for example, C-H activation, C-C, C-H, C-O, and C-N bond formation. There is now ample evidence that in the new generation of organometallic catalysts the established ligand class of organophosphanes will be supplemented and, in part, replaced by N-heterocyclic carbenes. Over the past few years, this chemistry has been the field of vivid scientific competition, and yielded previously unexpected successes in key areas of homogeneous catalysis. From the work in numerous academic laboratories and in industry, a revolutionary turning point in oraganometallic catalysis is emerging.

http://aether.cmi.ua.ac.be/artikels/Artikels%20Gitte/Artikels/Reviews/NHC-%20liganden%20Herrmann.pdf

N-heterocyclic carbenes: a new concept in organometallic catalysis.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [CoCl(2)(C(7)H(12)N(2))(2)], molecular units are formed by coordination of the unsubstituted N atoms of two tert-butyl-substituted imidazole molecules and two chloride ligands, which distinguishes the complex from structures of imidazolium-based dications with tetrachloridocobaltate dianions. There are two crystallographically independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, related by a noncrystallographic inversion centre.

Bis(1-tert-butyl-1H-imidazole-κN3)dichloridocobalt(II).

A new metallic radical cation salt $\kappa$-(BETS)$_2$Co$_{0.13}$Mn$_{0.87}$[N(CN)$_2$]$_3$, where BETS is bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene, C$_{10}$S$_4$Se$_4$H$_8$, has been synthesized. In this salt, a part of Mn$^{2+}$ ions are replaced by Co$^{2+}$ which acts as a magnetic dopant with a different effective magnetic moment. Crystal structure, band structure, conducting and magnetic properties of the salt have been studied. Below 30 K the material undergoes a metal-insulator transition, which is suppressed by applying a pressure of ~0.5kbar, leading to a superconducting ground state. While the structural and conducting properties are very similar to those of the parent salt $\kappa$-(BETS)$_2$Mn[N(CN)$_2$]$_3$, magnetic properties associated with localized moments in the anion layer are found to be surprisingly different.

New radical cation salt $\kappa$-(BETS)$_2$Co$_{0.13}$Mn$_{0.87}$[N(CN)$_2$]$_3$ with two magnetic metals: synthesis, structure, conductivity and magnetic peculiarities

Tricks of the trade: Because intramolecular Cu-catalyzed access to bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes is not feasible, an oxygen bridge was introduced to facilitate the [2+2] photocycloaddition. Starting from compounds similar to 1, products such as 2 could be obtained enantioselectiviely in three steps after ring-opening metathesis (see scheme).

Enantioselective Access to Bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes by a Sequence of [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition/Reduction/Fragmentation.

Multiple Bonds Between Main Group Elements and Transition Metals. Part 43. Organorhenium Oxides and Halides of the π‐Aromatic Series: Syntheses and Structures of Important Key Compounds (II) ‐ (V).

Eberhardt Herdtweck

Papers

Bis(1-tert-butyl-1H-imidazole-κN3)dichloridocobalt(II).

New radical cation salt $\kappa$-(BETS)$_2$Co$_{0.13}$Mn$_{0.87}$[N(CN)$_2$]$_3$ with two magnetic metals: synthesis, structure, conductivity and magnetic peculiarities

Enantioselective Access to Bicyclo[4.2.0]octanes by a Sequence of [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition/Reduction/Fragmentation.

Multiple Bonds Between Main Group Elements and Transition Metals. Part 43. Organorhenium Oxides and Halides of the π‐Aromatic Series: Syntheses and Structures of Important Key Compounds (II) ‐ (V).

Synthesis and Crystal and Molecular Structure of New (N,N-Di-n-propylthiocarbamato)palladium(II) Compounds.