Ieee transactions on antennas and propagation

An efficient, low-loss, low sidelobe, high dynamic range phased-array radar antenna system is disclosed that uses metamaterials, which are manmade composite materials having a negative index of refraction, to create a biconcave lens architecture (instead of the aforementioned biconvex lens) for focusing the microwaves transmitted by the antenna. Accordingly, the sidelobes of the antenna are reduced. Attenuation across microstrip transmission lines may be reduced by using low loss transmission lines that are suspended above a ground plane a predetermined distance in a way such they are not in contact with a solid substrate. By suspending the microstrip transmission lines in this manner, dielectric signal loss is reduced significantly, thus resulting in a less-attenuated signal at its destination.

Phased array metamaterial antenna system

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Advanced Digital Signal Processing And Noise Reduction

Estimation theory with applications to communications and control

Detection of road boundaries and obstacles is essential for autonomous vehicle navigation. In this paper, we propose a road boundary and obstacle detection method using a downward-looking light detection and ranging sensor. This method extracts line segments from the raw data of the sensor in polar coordinates. After that, the line segments are classified into road and obstacle segments. To enhance the classification performance, the estimated roll and pitch angles of the sensor relative to the scanning road surface in the previous time step are then used. The classified road line segments are applied to track the road boundaries, roll, and pitch angles by using an integrated probabilistic data association filter. The proposed method was evaluated with the autonomous vehicle A1, which was the winner of the 2010 Autonomous Vehicle Competition in Korea organized by the Hyundai-Kia automotive group. The proposed method using the estimated roll and pitch angles can detect road boundaries and roadside, as well as road obstacles under various road conditions, including paved and unpaved roads and intersections.

Enhanced Road Boundary and Obstacle Detection Using a Downward-Looking LIDAR Sensor

In this paper we present a series of road scene images recorded with a prototype high resolution low-THz imaging radar. The aim of this study is to assess the images in order to identify and extract features of interest for scene characterisation to aid the development of future autonomous vehicles. Images were recorded at multiple radar heights in order to assess the effect of illumination angle on the selected features. At this stage of research the recorded images are presented and more qualitative analysis of a subset of the features is given.

Multi-height radar images of road scenes at 150 GHz

This paper experimentally examines backscattering of electromagnetic signals with frequencies of 79 GHz, 300 GHz, and 680 GHz from surfaces with different roughness. It is shown that signals in the low-Terahertz range have enhanced capabilities for evaluating surface roughness. The results provide the basis for creating remote surface identification system for automotive use, which will be of particular advantage in surface classification, object classification and path determination in autonomous automotive vehicle operation.

Experimental Study of Rough Surface Backscattering for Low Terahertz Automotive Radar

Knowledge on radar reflectivity of typical road targets is essential to develop robust detection algorithms for automotive sensor system. Measurement results of a typical passenger car at 300 GHz are presented for the frst time and compared with measurement results at the reference frequency of 24 GHz. Measurements are undertaken in a typical road environment with the aid of a computer controlled turntable to collect backscatter data at 360 aspect angles of the car. The measurement methodology with an analysis of the experimental setup and calibration procedure are presented

Radar Reflectivity of a Passenger Car at 300 GHz

In order to develop Forward Scatter Radar (FSR) systems for use in maritime applications a fundamental understanding of the operating environment is required. Currently there is a lack of published experimental sea clutter data measured in the forward scatter direction at very low (almost zero) grazing angles. Therefore to facilitate further investigation, clutter data for such a system have been recorded at frequencies of 7.5 GHz and 24 GHz with static, medium gain antennas for low sea states 1-3. Statistical analysis of clutter is presented and results are compared for different radar parameters, waveforms and diverse sea conditions.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel7/6574720/6581630/06581647.pdf

Near zero grazing angle forward-scatter sea clutter measurement statistical properties

This paper is concerned with the new challenging multi-static and multi-frequency forward scatter radar (FSR) configuration in which one node (transmitter or receiver) is moving A mathematical model for simulation of the received Doppler signature of the target in such a radar is presented The experimental set-up and maritime measurements are described and a comparison of the simulated and measured results is given The performance of the new configuration is analyzed at this initial stage of the research

Edward Hoare

Papers

Multi-height radar images of road scenes at 150 GHz

Experimental Study of Rough Surface Backscattering for Low Terahertz Automotive Radar

Radar Reflectivity of a Passenger Car at 300 GHz

Near zero grazing angle forward-scatter sea clutter measurement statistical properties

Maritime FSR with moving receiver for small target detection