Ieee transactions on antennas and propagation

An efficient, low-loss, low sidelobe, high dynamic range phased-array radar antenna system is disclosed that uses metamaterials, which are manmade composite materials having a negative index of refraction, to create a biconcave lens architecture (instead of the aforementioned biconvex lens) for focusing the microwaves transmitted by the antenna. Accordingly, the sidelobes of the antenna are reduced. Attenuation across microstrip transmission lines may be reduced by using low loss transmission lines that are suspended above a ground plane a predetermined distance in a way such they are not in contact with a solid substrate. By suspending the microstrip transmission lines in this manner, dielectric signal loss is reduced significantly, thus resulting in a less-attenuated signal at its destination.

Phased array metamaterial antenna system

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Advanced Digital Signal Processing And Noise Reduction

Estimation theory with applications to communications and control

Detection of road boundaries and obstacles is essential for autonomous vehicle navigation. In this paper, we propose a road boundary and obstacle detection method using a downward-looking light detection and ranging sensor. This method extracts line segments from the raw data of the sensor in polar coordinates. After that, the line segments are classified into road and obstacle segments. To enhance the classification performance, the estimated roll and pitch angles of the sensor relative to the scanning road surface in the previous time step are then used. The classified road line segments are applied to track the road boundaries, roll, and pitch angles by using an integrated probabilistic data association filter. The proposed method was evaluated with the autonomous vehicle A1, which was the winner of the 2010 Autonomous Vehicle Competition in Korea organized by the Hyundai-Kia automotive group. The proposed method using the estimated roll and pitch angles can detect road boundaries and roadside, as well as road obstacles under various road conditions, including paved and unpaved roads and intersections.

Enhanced Road Boundary and Obstacle Detection Using a Downward-Looking LIDAR Sensor

This paper experimentally proves the ability of millimetre wave radar to provide visibility of objects in a fire. The operation of an imaging radar at a frequency of 79 GHz was investigated under various real conditions, including fire with strong flame, dense smoke, and water vapour. Absorption of the radar signal was measured and the results are in accordance with theoretical calculations. The analysis of the experimental results allows us to conclude that there are good prospects for millimetre wave radar in the field of firefighting equipment for vision and navigation.

Experimental Evaluation of 79 GHz Radar Performance in Fire Environments

Automotive interference statistics and their effect on radar detector

The potential of the Low THz spectrum for high resolution imaging applications such as automotive radar is described. Outdoor experiments require compact and portable equipment which may be achieved by extending the operation of current battery powered vector network analyzers. The development of suitable antennas in the 300 GHZ band is detailed including the design approach and resultant performance data.

280–320 GHz imaging antennas for portable automotive radar applications

This paper demonstrates the ability of an active 300GHz radar system to perform 3D imaging non-coherently with as few as three receivers. This system was applied to a number of common elevated objects which a road-going vehicle will have to navigate. The large bandwidth of the radar system facilitated full 3D reconstruction using time of flight information alone, applying single-look direct backprojection at a series of azimuth positions.

3D Images of Elevated Automotive Radar Targets at 300GHz

This paper discusses statistical approaches currently being investigated to perform image segmentation and region classification in high resolution automotive radar imagery in the complex urban environment. The purpose is to identify the free traversable space ahead of the vehicle which would ultimately provide input into autonomous vehicle path planning algorithms. Three general methodologies are described, all based on the image region pixel intensity statistics which vary depending on the features within the imaged scene. Results show the promising potential for segmentation with these methods and some examples of segmentation and identification have been demonstrated for chosen road scene region types of asphalt, grass, shadow and objects/other.

Edward Hoare

Papers

Experimental Evaluation of 79 GHz Radar Performance in Fire Environments

Automotive interference statistics and their effect on radar detector

280–320 GHz imaging antennas for portable automotive radar applications

3D Images of Elevated Automotive Radar Targets at 300GHz

Statistical Image Segmentation and Region Classification Approaches for Automotive Radar