Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is an independent organization devoted to the development of standards.

American Society for Testing and Materials

Modified Gravity and Cosmology

The status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical frameworks for analyzing them is reviewed and updated. Einstein’s equivalence principle (EEP) is well supported by experiments such as the Eotvos experiment, tests of local Lorentz invariance and clock experiments. Ongoing tests of EEP and of the inverse square law are searching for new interactions arising from unification or quantum gravity. Tests of general relativity at the post-Newtonian level have reached high precision, including the light deflection, the Shapiro time delay, the perihelion advance of Mercury, the Nordtvedt effect in lunar motion, and frame-dragging. Gravitational wave damping has been detected in an amount that agrees with general relativity to better than half a percent using the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar, and a growing family of other binary pulsar systems is yielding new tests, especially of strong-field effects. Current and future tests of relativity will center on strong gravity and gravitational waves.

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The Confrontation Between General Relativity and Experiment

Cosmology and the fate of dilatation symmetry

A flux detection apparatus can include a radioactive sample having a decay rate capable of changing in response to interaction with a first particle or a field, and a detector associated with the radioactive sample. The detector is responsive to a second particle or radiation formed by decay of the radioactive sample. The rate of decay of the radioactive sample can be correlated to flux of the first particle or the field. Detection of the first particle or the field can provide an early warning for an impending solar event.

Detection of Neutrinos

The quark model of Cheng and Fischbah is shown to agree with asymmetry parameter data from ep interactions.(AIP)

Deep-inelastic e-p scattering and distribution functions for polarized protons

Parity-violating (pv) weak effects in inclusive hadron-hadron scattering processes such as $\mathrm{pp}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}X$ and $\mathrm{pp}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}X$ are studied in the framework of the parton model. Such effects arise from the coherent interference of the strong and weak parton-parton scattering amplitudes, and manifest themselves experimentally through a difference in the cross sections for protons incident with initial \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} helicity, or through a longitudinal polarization of the outgoing $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ produced by an unpolarized beam. Results for the corresponding pv parameters $\mathcal{a}$ and $\mathcal{p}$ are presented assuming a variety of weak-interaction models. For the strong parton-parton interaction we use the recently introduced effective-gluon model. A detailed discussion is given of phases in the weak and strong interactions and of the strong-weak relative phase in various models. It is shown that both $|\mathcal{a}|$ and $|\mathcal{p}|$ increase with increasing $\sqrt{s}$ and ${x}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=\frac{2{p}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}}{\sqrt{s}}$, where $\sqrt{s}$ is the center-of-momentum energy and ${p}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ is the transverse momentum of the inclusively produced ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ or $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$. For $\sqrt{s}=20$ GeV and ${x}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}=0.6$, $|\mathcal{a}|$ and $|\mathcal{p}|$ can be as large as ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$-${10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}$ in some models, which may make such effects detectable in future experiments. In other models $\mathcal{a}$ and $\mathcal{p}$ can actually vanish identically for certain values of $\sqrt{s}$ and ${x}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ due to cancellation among the individual quark contributions. It is noted that, for a given weak-interaction model, the dependence of $\mathcal{a}$ and $\mathcal{p}$ on ${x}_{\ensuremath{\perp}}$ and $\sqrt{s}$ is different in the effective-gluon and constituent-interchange models, and hence weak effects can be used to discriminate among models of the strong interaction. A discussion is also given of various experimental problems associated with measuring $\mathcal{a}$ and $\mathcal{p}$.

Analysis of weak-interaction effects in high-transverse-momentum hadron-hadron collisions.

We show that recently reported radioactive decay data support an earlier observation of an unexpected signal associated with the GW170817 binary neutron star inspiral.

Ephraim Fischbach

Papers

Detection of Neutrinos

Deep-inelastic e-p scattering and distribution functions for polarized protons

Analysis of weak-interaction effects in high-transverse-momentum hadron-hadron collisions.

Comment on "Testing claims of the GW170817 binary neutron star inspiral affecting $\beta$-decay rates''

Alternative models of the fifth force