https://faculty.washington.edu/renatab/courses/PSE490/downloads/pretreatment.pdf

Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.

Improvement of enzyme activity, stability and selectivity via immobilization techniques

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion

Laccases of fungi attract considerable attention due to their possible involvement in the transformation of a wide variety of phenolic compounds including the polymeric lignin and humic substances. So far, more than a 100 enzymes have been purified from fungal cultures and characterized in terms of their biochemical and catalytic properties. Most ligninolytic fungal species produce constitutively at least one laccase isoenzyme and laccases are also dominant among ligninolytic enzymes in the soil environment. The fact that they only require molecular oxygen for catalysis makes them suitable for biotechnological applications for the transformation or immobilization of xenobiotic compounds.

Fungal laccases - occurrence and properties.

Industrial applications of microbial lipases

Treatment of rinsing water from electroless nickel plating with a biologically active moving-bed sand filter

Two psychrophilic strains, Cr7-05(T) and Cr4-44(T), isolated from alpine glacier cryoconite, were characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Both strains were psychrophilic, showing good growth over a temperature range of 1-20 °C. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of these isolates included the presence of C(18:1)ω7c and summed feature 3 (C(16:1)ω7c and/or C(16:1)ω6c) as the major cellular fatty acids, Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and unknown glycolipids as major polar lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains Cr7-05(T) and Cr4-44(T) were 61.4 and 63.6 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two isolates belong to the genus Devosia. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two strains was 98.6%, but DNA-DNA hybridization indicated 54% relatedness. Strains Cr7-05(T) and Cr4-44(T) exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.7-97.2 and 94.9-96.9%, respectively, to the type strains of recognized Devosia species. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data, strains Cr7-05(T) and Cr4-44(T) represent two novel species within the genus Devosia, for which the names Devosia psychrophila sp. nov. (type strain Cr7-05(T) =DSM 22950(T) =CGMCC 1.10210(T) =CIP 110130(T)) and Devosia glacialis sp. nov. (type strain Cr4-44(T) =CGMCC 1.10691(T) =LMG 26051(T)) are proposed. An emended description of the genus Devosia is also provided.

/pdf/devosia-psychrophila-sp-nov-and-devosia-glacialis-sp-nov-48lb8gvprd.pdf

Devosia psychrophila sp. nov. and Devosia glacialis sp. nov., from alpine glacier cryoconite, and an emended description of the genus Devosia

An aerobic, Gram-reaction-positive, non-motile, psychrophilic bacterium, designated strain S6-3(T), was isolated from alpine soil. Cells exhibited a rod-coccus growth cycle and produced a yellow pigment. Growth occurred at 1-25 degrees C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain S6-3(T) was related to members of the genus Arthrobacter, sharing highest sequence similarities with the type strains of Arthrobacter psychrolactophilus (97.9 %) and Arthrobacter stackebrandtii (97.6 %). Strain S6-3(T) had MK-9(H(2)) as the major menaquinone and anteiso-C(15 : 0) as the major fatty acid. The cell-wall peptidoglycan was of type A3alpha l-Lys-l-Thr-Ala(3). The predominant cell-wall sugars were galactose and rhamnose. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain S6-3(T) was 61.9 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data, strain S6-3(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter alpinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S6-3(T) (=DSM 22274(T) =CGMCC 1.8950(T)).

Arthrobacter alpinus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from alpine soil.

Strain BZ92r(T) was isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. Cells were Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and cold-adapted (growth at 1-25 degrees C). The major fatty acids were iso-C(15 : 0) (25.6 %), iso-C(17 : 1)omega9c (24.9 %), iso-C(11 : 0) (18.4 %) and iso-C(11 : 0) 3-OH (16.2 %). The predominant ubiquinone was ubiquinone-8. The genomic DNA G+C content was 72.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain BZ92r(T) was a member of the genus Luteimonas (94.5-95.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain BZ92r(T) was considered to represent a novel species of the genus Luteimonas. The name Luteimonas terricola sp. nov. is proposed, with BZ92r(T) (=DSM 22344(T) =CGMCC 1.8985(T)) as the type strain.

Luteimonas terricola sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from soil.

Heterotrophic microorganisms are able to solubilize metals via excreted metabolites-most often di- or tricarboxylic acids but also amino acids. With amino acids Cu, Zn, Au, Ni, U, Hg and Sb have been solubilized from metal oxides, metal sulfides or elementary metals. In this work it was investigated if excreted amino acids play a role in the leaching of zinc from a zinc oxide containing industrial filter dust. Two bacteria-Pseudomonas putida andCorynebacterium glutamicum-and a fungus-Penicillium simplicissimum were used.P. putida andP. Simplicissimum have already been used to solubilize zinc oxide, whereasC. glutamicum was used because of its known ability to excrete amino acids. Amino acids in culture fluids were analyzed via derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, separation on a RP-18 column and UV-detection. All three microorganisms solubilized zinc from the filter dust and excreted much more citric acid than amino acids. Thus citric acid rather than amino acids was regarded to be the leaching agent. Of the two bacteriaP. putida was more resistant towards the heavy metalcontaining filter dust.

Leaching of zinc from an industrial filter dust with Penicillium, Pseudomonas and Corynebacterium: citric acid is the leaching agent rather than amino acids

Franz Schinner

Papers

Treatment of rinsing water from electroless nickel plating with a biologically active moving-bed sand filter

Devosia psychrophila sp. nov. and Devosia glacialis sp. nov., from alpine glacier cryoconite, and an emended description of the genus Devosia

Arthrobacter alpinus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from alpine soil.

Luteimonas terricola sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from soil.

Leaching of zinc from an industrial filter dust with Penicillium, Pseudomonas and Corynebacterium: citric acid is the leaching agent rather than amino acids