Gregory J. Downing

TL;DR: Biomarker measurements provide an avenue for researchers to gain a mechanistic understanding of the differences in clinical response that may be influenced by uncontrolled variables (for example, drug metabolism).

TL;DR: Recommendations from a National Institutes of Health Workshop on methods for evaluating the use of surrogate endpoints in clinical trials included a strong recommendation for increased training of quantitative scientists in biologic research as well as in statistical methods and modeling to ensure that there will be an adequate workforce to meet future research needs.

TL;DR: Findings indicated that type III rather than type II PtdIns 4-kinases are responsible for the maintenance of the precursor phospholipids required for intracellular signaling through the inositol phosphate/Ca2+ pathway.

TL;DR: The molecular cloning of these novel WT-sensitive type III PI 4-kinases will allow detailed analysis of their signaling and other regulatory functions in mammalian cells.

TL;DR: Flexible bronchoscopic evaluation of a high-risk population demonstrated a higher incidence of moderate or severe SGS or TM than previously suspected and correlated well with obstructive symptoms and may represent a means to quantitate clinically subglottic narrowing.