物件導向軟體之架構(Object-Oriented Software Construction)探討

This ebook is the first authorized digital version of Kernighan and Ritchie's 1988 classic, The C Programming Language (2nd Ed.). One of the best-selling programming books published in the last fifty years, "K&R" has been called everything from the "bible" to "a landmark in computer science" and it has influenced generations of programmers. Available now for all leading ebook platforms, this concise and beautifully written text is a "must-have" reference for every serious programmers digital library.

As modestly described by the authors in the Preface to the First Edition, this "is not an introductory programming manual; it assumes some familiarity with basic programming concepts like variables, assignment statements, loops, and functions. Nonetheless, a novice programmer should be able to read along and pick up the language, although access to a more knowledgeable colleague will help."

The C programming language

[서평]「The Unified Modeling Language User Guide」

Conditional rewriting logic as a unified model of concurrency

Software Design, Data Types and Specification. FUNDAMENTAL TOOLS. Many--Sorted--Algebras. Structuring Algebras. Algebras for Different Signatures. Logic. SPECIFICATION--IN--THE--SMALL. Loose Specifications. Initial Specifications. Constructive Specifications. SPECIFICATIONS--IN--THE--LARGE. Specification Languages. Modularization and Parameterization. A Case Study. FURTHER TOPICS. Further Topics. Bibliography. References. Symbols. Index.

Specification of abstract data types

In the framework of a category spec of equational speoficatlons of abstract data types, tmplementations are defined to be certain pairs of morphlsms with a common target Th~s concept covers, among others, arbitrary recurslon schemes for defining the derived operations It is shown that for given single steps of a multilevel tmplementatlon, there is always a multtlevel tmplementatlon composed of these steps, but there ts no effective construction of th~s overall implementauon Some suggestions are gtven for practtcal composition of tmplementat~ons Utdlzmg pushouts Parametric specifications and parameter assignments are defined to be spectal morphlsms in spec, and parameter substitution ~s made precise by means of pushouts Since actual parameters can agam be parametrtc, parameter subsututton can be tterated. Thts tterauon ts shown to be assoctatwe Whtle the subject is being treated on a syntactical level in terms of speclfieauons, the imtlal algebra approach ts adopted as providing an appropriate semantics for spec~ficauons, and the effects of the present concepts and results on the initial algebras are studied

On the Theory of Specification, Implementation, and Parametrization of Abstract Data Types

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Object-Oriented Specification of Databases: An Algebraic Approach

In this paper, we motivate and present a data model for conceptual design of structural and behavioural aspects of databases. We follow an object centered design paradigm in the spirit of semantic data models. The specification of structural aspects is divided into modelling of object structures and modelling of data types used for describing object properties. The specification of object structures is based on an E xtended E ntity- R elationship (EER) model. The specification of behavioural aspects is divided into the modelling of admissible database state evolutions by means of temporal integrity constraints and the formulation of database (trans)actions. The central link for integrating these design components is a descriptive logic-based query language for the EER model. The logic part of this language is the basis for static constraints and descriptive action specifications by means of pre- and postconditions. A temporal extension of this logic is the specification language for temporal integrity constraints. We emphasize that the various aspects of a database application are specified using several appropriate, but yet compatible formalisms, which are integrated by a unifying common semantic.

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Conceptual modelling of database applications using an extended ER model

The semantic domain for object-oriented languages and systems outlined in this paper is an amalgamation of two approaches: the objects-as-sheaves approach of the second author published nearly two decades ago, and the more recent ideas of the first and third authors on objects as processes endowed with observation. The basic insight is that objects in the latter sense correspond to object morphisms in the former sense. After an informal introduction into both approaches, we first elaborate on the sheaf model, using the term "behaviour" for objects in this sense, and avoiding concepts from topology. Behaviours and behaviour morphisms are shown to form a complete category where parallel composition is reflected by limits. Objects are defined to be behaviour morphisms, giving rise to a cocomplete category of objects where colimits reflect object aggregation. Object morphisms reflect different forms of inheritance, and also object reification (implementing objects over objects) is conveniently expressed in this framework.

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Hans-Dieter Ehrich

Papers

Specification of abstract data types

On the Theory of Specification, Implementation, and Parametrization of Abstract Data Types

Object-Oriented Specification of Databases: An Algebraic Approach

Conceptual modelling of database applications using an extended ER model

A Categorial Theory of Objects as Observed Processes