There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

https://www.uta.edu/rfmems/GI_Sensor/papers/ac040049d.pdf

Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensors and Biosensors

Today cross-cutting approaches, where molecular engineering and clever processing are synergistically coupled, allow the chemist to tailor complex hybrid systems of various shapes with perfect mastery at different size scales, composition, functionality, and morphology. Hybrid materials with organic–inorganic or bio–inorganic character represent not only a new field of basic research but also, via their remarkable new properties and multifunctional nature, hybrids offer prospects for many new applications in extremely diverse fields. The description and discussion of the major applications of hybrid inorganic–organic (or biologic) materials are the major topic of this critical review. Indeed, today the very large set of accessible hybrid materials span a wide spectrum of properties which yield the emergence of innovative industrial applications in various domains such as optics, micro-electronics, transportation, health, energy, housing, and the environment among others (526 references).

Applications of advanced hybrid organic–inorganic nanomaterials: from laboratory to market

An increase in world population along with a significant aging portion is forcing rapid rises in healthcare costs. The healthcare system is going through a transformation in which continuous monitoring of inhabitants is possible even without hospitalization. The advancement of sensing technologies, embedded systems, wireless communication technologies, nano technologies, and miniaturization makes it possible to develop smart systems to monitor activities of human beings continuously. Wearable sensors detect abnormal and/or unforeseen situations by monitoring physiological parameters along with other symptoms. Therefore, necessary help can be provided in times of dire need. This paper reviews the latest reported systems on activity monitoring of humans based on wearable sensors and issues to be addressed to tackle the challenges.

Wearable Sensors for Human Activity Monitoring: A Review

The pervasive nature of future living environments, saturated with sensors and context-detecting services, pose a completely new challenge for computer science: the art of virtual disappearance. In many situations individuals do not want to be tracked by the environment and do not want their where abouts to be known publicly or even by their friends and relatives. Today's technology often allowsus to use white lies in such circumstances. The question we pose in this paper is: Can we achieve the same using pervasive computing technologies? In this paper we show how our User-centric Privacy Framework can be extended to allow users to pro-actively use white lies as a means to disguise their location or activity without sacrificing the use of context-services as a whole. As a result we are confident that also in the future we can perform some magic:disappearing for a while - when needed.

Disappearing for a while - using white lies in pervasive computing

In this work we demonstrate efficient quality control of a variety of gasoline and ethanol (gasohol) blends using a multimode interference (MMI) fiber sensor. The operational principle relies on the fact that the addition of ethanol to the gasohol blend reduces the refractive index (RI) of the gasoline. Since MMI sensors are capable of detecting small RI changes, the ethanol content of the gasohol blend is easily determined by tracking the MMI peak wavelength response. Gasohol blends with ethanol contents ranging from 0% to 50% has been clearly identified using this device, which provides a linear response with a maximum sensitivity of 0.270 nm/% EtOH. The sensor can also distinguish when water incorporated in the blend has exceeded the maximum volume tolerated by the gasohol blend, which is responsible for phase separation of the ethanol and gasoline and could cause serious engine failures. Since the MMI sensor is straightforward to fabricate and does not require any special coating it is a cost effective solution for real time and in-situ monitoring of the quality of gasohol blends.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/14/9/17817/pdf

Gasohol Quality Control for Real Time Applications by Means of a Multimode Interference Fiber Sensor

Lossy mode resonances supported by TiO2 -coated optical fibers

Here, the fabrication and characterization of a novel optical fiber humidity sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the infra-red region is presented. Firstly, an indium tin oxide (ITO) coating is deposited onto a 200 μm core diameter optical fiber causing the shift of the SPR wavelength to the infra-red region. Then, the LbL method is used to deposit a polymeric coating onto the ITO layer. The variations in the external humidity originated changes in the thickness and refractive index of the polymeric coating and hence in the resonance.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/178/1/012019/pdf

Optical fiber humidity sensor based on surface plasmon resonance in the infra-red region

The refractive index of sputtered indium oxide nanocoatings has been altered just by changing the sputtering parameters, such as pressure. These induced changes have been exploited for the generation of a grating on the end facet of an optical fiber towards the development of wavelength-modulated optical fiber humidity sensors. A theoretical analysis has also been performed in order to study the different parameters involved in the fabrication of this optical structure and how they would affect the sensitivity of these devices. Experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement. A sensitivity of 150 pm/%RH was obtained for relative humidity changes from 20% to 60%. This kind of humidity sensors shows a maximum hysteresis of 1.3% relative humidity.

Ignacio R. Matias

Papers

Disappearing for a while - using white lies in pervasive computing

Gasohol Quality Control for Real Time Applications by Means of a Multimode Interference Fiber Sensor

Lossy mode resonances supported by TiO2 -coated optical fibers

Optical fiber humidity sensor based on surface plasmon resonance in the infra-red region

Humidity Sensor Based on Bragg Gratings Developed on the End Facet of an Optical Fiber by Sputtering of One Single Material.