There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

We review how nuclear forces emerge from low-energy QCD via chiral effective field theory. The presentation is accessible to the non-specialist. At the same time, we also provide considerable detailed information (mostly in appendices) for the benefit of researchers who wish to start working in this field.

Chiral effective field theory and nuclear forces

Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory: static and dynamic aspects of exotic nuclear structure

Nucleon-nucleon data below 300-MeV laboratory energy are described by a manifestly covariant wave equation in which one of the intermediate nucleons is restricted to its mass shell. Antisymmetrization of the kernel yields an equation in which the two nucleons are treated in an {ital exactly} symmetric manner, and in which all amplitudes satisfy the Pauli principle {ital exactly}. The kernel is modeled by the sum of one boson exchanges, and four models, all of which fit the data very well ({chi}{sup 2}{congruent}3 per data point) are discussed. Two models require the exchange of {ital only} the {pi}, {sigma}, {rho}, and {omega}, but also require an admixture of {gamma}{sup 5} coupling for the pion, while two other models restrict the pion coupling to pure {gamma}{sup 5}{gamma}{sup {mu}}, but require the exchange of {ital six} mesons, including the {eta}, and a light scalar-isovector meson referred to as {sigma}{sub 1}. Deuteron wave functions resulting from these models are obtained. Th

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Relativistic one-boson-exchange model for the nucleon-nucleon interaction.

Diplon, deuton, deuteron: under different names, the nucleus of deuterium, or diplogen, has been the subject of intense studies since its discovery in 1932. As the only two-nucleon bound state, its properties have continuously been viewed as important in nuclear theory as the hydrogen atom is in atomic theory. Yet, ambiguities remain in the relativistic description of this system and the two-nucleon picture is incomplete: meson exchange and nucleon excitation into resonances should be considered in the deuteron description. The question of rare configurations where the two nucleons overlap and loose their identity is still under debate. We are still looking for the elusive effects of quarks in the nuclear structure.

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The Deuteron: Structure and Form Factors

Motivated by the present interest in the heavy quark effective theory, the authors use the spectator equations to treat the mesonic bound states of heavy quarks. The kernel they use is based on scalar confining and vector Coulomb potentials. Wave functions are treated to leading order and energies to order 1/m{sub Q} in the heavy-light systems, and order 1/m{sub Q{sup 2}} in heavy-heavy systems. Their results are in reasonable agreement with experimental measurements. They estimate two of the parameters of the heavy quark effective theory, and propose further calculations that may be undertaken in the future.

Heavy mesons in a relativistic model

Mesonic processes in deep-inelastic electron scattering from nuclei

Within the context of the relativistic Fermi gas model, the concept of ``y scaling'' for inclusive electron scattering from nuclei is investigated. Specific kinematic shifts of the single-nucleon response in the nuclear medium can be incorporated with this model. Suggested generalizations beyond the strict Fermi gas model, including treatments of separated longitudinal and transverse responses, are also explored.

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J. W. Van Orden

Papers

Relativistic one-boson-exchange model for the nucleon-nucleon interaction.

The Deuteron: Structure and Form Factors

Heavy mesons in a relativistic model

Mesonic processes in deep-inelastic electron scattering from nuclei

Scaling in electron scattering from a relativistic Fermi gas