1. Introduction 2. The emergence of learning activity as a historical form of human learning 3. The zone of proximal development as the basic category of expansive research 4. The instruments of expansion 5. Toward an expansive methodology 6. Epilogue.

Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research

Part I. Experimental Studies: 2. Experiment in psychology 3. Experiments on perceiving III Experiments on imaging 4-8. Experiments on remembering: (a) The method of description (b) The method of repeated reproduction (c) The method of picture writing (d) The method of serial reproduction (e) The method of serial reproduction picture material 9. Perceiving, recognizing, remembering 10. A theory of remembering 11. Images and their functions 12. Meaning Part II. Remembering as a Study in Social Psychology: 13. Social psychology 14. Social psychology and the matter of recall 15. Social psychology and the manner of recall 16. Conventionalism 17. The notion of a collective unconscious 18. The basis of social recall 19. A summary and some conclusions.

Remembering. A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology, Cambridge (University Press) 1964.

From the Publisher:
The old opposition of matter versus mind stubbornly persists in the way we study mind and brain. In treating cognition as problem solving, Andy Clark suggests, we may often abstract too far from the very body and world in which our brains evolved to guide us. Whereas the mental has been treated as a realm that is distinct from the body and the world, Clark forcefully attests that a key to understanding brains is to see them as controllers of embodied activity. From this paradigm shift he advances the construction of a cognitive science of the embodied mind.

/pdf/being-there-putting-brain-body-and-world-together-again-31tt4y51ml.pdf

Being There: Putting Brain, Body, and World Together Again

The measurement of meaning

How we Think

Emerging methods in psychology

Extrospection is introspection turned outward—from the experiencer (ordinary observer or scientist). Its process is thus similar to that of introspection—it is constructive of the knowledge of the object of extrospection. In the human world of experiencing, the results of the extrospection become introspectively consolidated. A questionnaire is an extension of the interview that excludes the direct presence of the researcher from the process of responding. Independent of its administration (on paper, individually or in a group, on computer screen, via Facebook, etc.) or format (open answers, Likert scales, sentence completion tasks, yes/no answers, etc.), it involves the immediate nonavailability of the researcher. The chapter includes the focus on two inductions (C. L. Morgan). The three-step interviewing tactic, double-blank sentence completion tests are outlined. A special analysis of the qualitative structure of Solomon Asch’s conformity experiment is included. The contrast between various methods that is basic is that between stability-oriented and process-oriented kinds. The methods described in this chapter were all process oriented in their nature. This follows the general assumption of the open-systemic nature of all psychological phenomena where even stability is dynamic (steady state).

Methods of Extrospection: Interview, Questionnaire, Experiment

Disputes about the origins of psychology in the history of the discipline are functional not for our understanding of the past, but as normative signs that regulate the construction of ideas in the future. We introduce the notion of open-ended normativity that regulates the development of a given discipline towards its future. Hence the question of the cultural origins of psychology becomes contested in the 21st century as an important topic. It proves that the history of psychology is an active participant in the making of psychology, as it is creating its future.

Jaan Valsiner

Papers

Emerging methods in psychology

Methods of Extrospection: Interview, Questionnaire, Experiment

Could Presentism in the Histories of Psychology Actually be Futuristic

Conclusion: Returning to the Whole—A New Theoretical Synthesis in the Social Sciences

The Impact of Party Affiliation