Showing papers by "James R. Marshall published in 2015"
TL;DR: Tobacco cessation among lung cancer patients after diagnosis may increase overall survival and a statistically significant increase in survival was associated with quitting compared with continued tobacco use at last contact.
72 citations
TL;DR: This review is focused on urinary delivery of ITCs to the bladder, their cellular uptake, their chemopreventive activities in preclinical and epidemiological studies that are particularly relevant to prevention of BC recurrence and progression, and their chemobiology mechanisms in BC cells and tissues.
Abstract: Approximately 80% of human bladder cancers (BC) are non-muscle invasive when first diagnosed and are usually treated by transurethral tumor resection. But 50-80% of patients experience cancer recurrence. Agents for prevention of primary BC have yet to be identified. Existing prophylactics against BC recurrence, e.g., Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), have limited efficacy and utility; they engender significant side effects and require urethral catheterization. Many cruciferous vegetables, rich sources of isothiocyanates (ITCs), are commonly consumed by humans. Many ITCs possess promising chemopreventive activities against BC and its recurrence. Moreover, orally ingested ITCs are selectively delivered to bladder via urinary excretion. This review is focused on urinary delivery of ITCs to the bladder, their cellular uptake, their chemopreventive activities in preclinical and epidemiological studies that are particularly relevant to prevention of BC recurrence and progression, and their chemopreventive mechanisms in BC cells and tissues.
69 citations
TL;DR: Improving clinician education and developing dedicated resources to provide cessation support were identified as ideal targets to address for improving cessation support for cancer patients.
66 citations
Université de Montréal1, Harvard University2, Brigham and Women's Hospital3, University of Minnesota4, Maastricht University5, New York University6, University at Buffalo7, Columbia University8, Karolinska Institutet9, American Cancer Society10, University of Toronto11, George Washington University12, Albert Einstein College of Medicine13, United States Department of Health and Human Services14
TL;DR: It is suggested that consumption of vitamins A, C, and E and folate during adulthood does not play a major role in ovarian cancer risk, and dietary and total intakes of each vitamin were not significantly associated with ovarian cancerrisk.
Abstract: Purpose
Vitamins A, C, and E and folate have anticarcinogenic properties and thus might protect against cancer. Few known modifiable risk factors for ovarian cancer exist. We examined the associations between dietary and total (food and supplemental) vitamin intake and the risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer.
22 citations
TL;DR: The relationship between intra‐operative time and two indicators of tissue integrity: number of epithelial cells per gram of tissue and RNA integrity numbers (RINs) is examined.
Abstract: Background
Minimizing the time between tissue devascularization in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) and tissue procurement should produce the highest quality tissue for research study. This study examines the relationship between intra-operative time and two indicators of tissue integrity: number of epithelial cells per gram of tissue and RNA integrity numbers (RINs). The study also compares the RIN values of tissue obtained intra-operatively by biopsy, before and after devascularization, to those from RALP specimen tissue, obtained through the routine research tissue procurement process.
Methods
Prostate tissues from two series of patients were analyzed. In the first, tissue from 18 patients undergoing RALP was analyzed for number of epithelial cells per gram of tissue. In the second, RIN values of tissue from 46 patients involved in a clinical study were analyzed. RIN values were assessed from RALP specimen tissue as well as tissue removed intra-operatively by biopsy, before and after devascularization.
Results
Time from RALP to tissue procurement was not significantly associated with number of epithelial cells per gram of tissue or with RIN values. RINs of biopsy tissue obtained intra-operatively before and after devascularization were similar. However, the RIN values of tissue from RALP specimens were significantly higher than those of biopsy tissue obtained either before or after devascularization.
Conclusions
Tissue quality, defined by number of epithelial cells or RIN values, was not affected by time between devascularization and procurement. Obtaining tissue from intra-operative biopsies, either before or after devascularization, is not necessary and actually produced lower RINs than found in tissue from RALP specimens, obtained through the routine research tissue procurement process. Prostate 75:1910–1915, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
7 citations
TL;DR: Fatty-acid synthase staining intensity was stronger in malignant than in benign tissue, and NADT was associated with decreased FASN staining in both benign and malignant tissue, while one SNP showed a weak association with outcome.
Abstract: Association of fatty-acid synthase polymorphisms and expression with outcomes after radical prostatectomy
3 citations