Alloy negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries.

Despite the impressive photovoltaic performances with power conversion efficiency beyond 22%, perovskite solar cells are poorly stable under operation, failing by far the market requirements. Various technological approaches have been proposed to overcome the instability problem, which, while delivering appreciable incremental improvements, are still far from a market-proof solution. Here we show one-year stable perovskite devices by engineering an ultra-stable 2D/3D (HOOC(CH2)4NH3)2PbI4/CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite junction. The 2D/3D forms an exceptional gradually-organized multi-dimensional interface that yields up to 12.9% efficiency in a carbon-based architecture, and 14.6% in standard mesoporous solar cells. To demonstrate the up-scale potential of our technology, we fabricate 10 × 10 cm2 solar modules by a fully printable industrial-scale process, delivering 11.2% efficiency stable for >10,000 h with zero loss in performances measured under controlled standard conditions. This innovative stable and low-cost architecture will enable the timely commercialization of perovskite solar cells. Up-scaling represents a key challenge for photovoltaics based on metal halide perovskites. Using a composite of 2D and 3D perovskites in combination with a printable carbon black/graphite counter electrode; Granciniet al., report 11.2% efficient modules stable over 10,000 hours.

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One-Year stable perovskite solar cells by 2D/3D interface engineering

Research to develop alternative electrode materials with high energy densities in Li-ion batteries has been actively pursued to satisfy the power demands for electronic devices and hybrid electric vehicles. This critical review focuses on anode materials composed of Group IV and V elements with their composites including Ag and Mg metals as well as transition metal oxides which have been intensively investigated. This critical review is devoted mainly to their electrochemical performances and reaction mechanisms (313 references).

Li-alloy based anode materials for Li secondary batteries.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are discrete anionic metaloxygen clusters which can be regarded as soluble oxide fragments. They exhibit a great diversity of sizes, nuclearities, and shapes. They are built from the connection of {MOx} polyhedra, M being a d-block element in high oxidation state, usually VIV,V, MoVI, or WVI.1 While these species have been known for almost two centuries, they still attract much interest partly based on their large domains of applications. They play a great role in various areas ranging from catalysis,2 medicine,3 electrochemistry,4 photochromism,5 to magnetism.6 This palette of applications is intrinsically due to the combination of their added value properties (redox properties, large sizes, high negative charges, nucleophilicity...). Parallel to this domain, the organic-inorganic hybrids area has followed a similar expansion during the last 10 years. The concept of organic-inorganic hybrid materials * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dolbecq@ chimie.uvsq.fr. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6009–6048 6009

Hybrid Organic−Inorganic Polyoxometalate Compounds: From Structural Diversity to Applications

The hybrid two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have recently drawn significant interest because they can serve as excellent photoabsorbers in perovskite solar cells. Here we present the large scale synthesis, crystal structure, and optical characterization of the 2D (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, ∞) perovskites, a family of layered compounds with tunable semiconductor characteristics. These materials consist of well-defined inorganic perovskite layers intercalated with bulky butylammonium cations that act as spacers between these fragments, adopting the crystal structure of the Ruddlesden–Popper type. We find that the perovskite thickness (n) can be synthetically controlled by adjusting the ratio between the spacer cation and the small organic cation, thus allowing the isolation of compounds in pure form and large scale. The orthorhombic crystal structures of (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)Pb2I7 (n = 2, Cc2m; a = 8.9470(4), b = 39.347(2) A, c = 8.8589(6)), (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)2Pb3I10 (...

http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00847

Ruddlesden-Popper Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskite 2D Homologous Semiconductors

The structure of the title compound, {[La(C6H4NO2)2(H2O)4](NO3)}n, consists of an infinite cationic chain, [La(C6H4NO2)2(H2O)4]+, and well separated (NO3)− anions. The LaIII atom is eight-coordinated by four O atoms from four isonicotinate ligands and four water mol­ecules. The coordin­ation geometry around the La centre can be described as a distorted square antiprism. The La atoms are bridged by two carboxyl­ate groups of two isonicotinate ligands to form an infinite chain along the c direction. The carboxyl­ate-bridged chains are linked to each other via hydrogen bonds between pyridyl N atoms and coordinated water mol­ecules to form a three-dimensional network with channels in which the nitrate anions are located, and the intermolecular hydrogen bonds are formed between the nitrate anions and cationic chains.

catena‐Poly­[[[tetra­aqua­lanthanum(III)]‐di‐μ‐isoniconitinato‐κ2O:O′] nitrate]

Large blue-green, transparent crystalline needles of [K-(2,2)diaza-[18]-crown-6]KGe(9).3en are prepared, in high yield, from the reaction of (2,2)diaza[18]-crown-6 in toluene with a solution of "KGe(4)" in ethylenediamine (en). The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (a = 10.9763(12) A, b = 27.265(3) A, c = 13.880(1) A; Z = 4). The crystal structure of [K-(2,2)diaza-[18]-crown-6]KGe(9).2en features one-dimensional [KGe(9)](-) bare intermetallic chains formed from the linking, via exo-bonds, of nido-Ge(9)(2-) clusters. Uncomplexed K atoms effectively cap the square bases of the monocapped square antiprismatic [Ge(9)](2-) clusters. The optical band gap of the title compound is 1.25 eV. The use of weaker sequestering agents in the isolation of Ge cluster anions from en solutions provides an additional handle in a controlled molecular route to preparing new low-dimensional Zintl phases.

The Role of Sequestering Agents in the Formation and Structure of Germanium Anion Cluster Polymers.

From Cs8Sb4Nb5O5F35 to Cs6Sb4Mo3O5F26: The First Noncentrosymmetric Fluoroantimonite with d0 Transition Metal

Mild hydrothermal reactions of π-conjugated SC(NH2)2, Ag(NO3), and NaF afforded a new prospective infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, namely, Ag[SC(NH2)2]2F. It shows a 3D open framework consisting of corner-sharing AgS4 tetrahedra with six-member ring tunnels that are filled by organic groups of the SC(NH2)2 molecules. Ag[SC(NH2)2]2F maintains 80% transmittance in the spectral region of 0.32–5.91 μm and features large second harmonic generation (SHG) responses with phase-matching at both 1064 nm (15.8 × KH2PO4) and 2.05 μm (0.7 × AgGaS2). It also exhibits a large band gap of 4.19 eV, resulting in a high laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of 9.3 times that of AgGaS2. Theoretical calculation revealed that SC(NH2)2, AgS4 tetrahedra, and F– anions all give the positive contribution to SHG effects. Ag[SC(NH2)2]2F overcomes the small band gap and low LIDT of tetrahedral-based chalcogenides while maintaining a large SHG response. This work gives a promising facile design strategy for IR NLO materials. 

Ag[SC(NH2)2]2F: A Laser Damage-Tolerant Infrared Nonlinear Optical Material

Initial attempts to prepare new Ln-Cd-Te-O-Cl compounds led to the isolation of two novel cadmium tellurium(IV) oxychlorides with two different types of structures, namely, [Cd(2)(Te(6)O(13))][Cd(2)Cl(6)] and Cd(7)Cl(8)(Te(7)O(17)). Both compounds feature novel polymeric tellurium(IV) oxide anions and unusual cadmium chloride substructures. The structure of [Cd(2)(Te(6)O(13))][Cd(2)Cl(6)] is composed of 1D [Cd(2)Cl(6)](2)(-) double chains and (002) [Cd(2)(Te(6)O(13))](2+) layers. The 1D Te(6)O(13)(2)(-) slab of the [Cd(2)(Te(6)O(13))](2+) layer is formed by TeO(3), TeO(4), and TeO(5) groups via corner- and edge-sharing, and it contains six- and seven-membered tellurium(IV) polyhedral rings. The structure of Cd(7)Cl(8)(Te(7)O(17)) features a 3D network with long-narrow tunnels along the b axis. The two types of structural building blocks are 1D [Te(7)O(17)](6)(-) anions and unusual corrugated [Cd(7)Cl(8)](6+) layers based on "cyclohexane-like" Cd(3)Cl(3) rings.

Jiang-Gao Mao

Papers

catena‐Poly[[[tetraaqualanthanum(III)]‐di‐μ‐isoniconitinato‐κ2O:O′] nitrate]

The Role of Sequestering Agents in the Formation and Structure of Germanium Anion Cluster Polymers.

From Cs8Sb4Nb5O5F35 to Cs6Sb4Mo3O5F26: The First Noncentrosymmetric Fluoroantimonite with d0 Transition Metal

Ag[SC(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>F: A Laser Damage-Tolerant Infrared Nonlinear Optical Material

[Cd2(Te6O13)][Cd2Cl6] and Cd7Cl8(Te7O17): Novel Tellurium(IV) Oxide Slabs and Unusual Cadmium Chloride Architectures.

Jiang-Gao Mao

Papers

catena‐Poly­[[[tetra­aqua­lanthanum(III)]‐di‐μ‐isoniconitinato‐κ2O:O′] nitrate]

The Role of Sequestering Agents in the Formation and Structure of Germanium Anion Cluster Polymers.

From Cs8Sb4Nb5O5F35 to Cs6Sb4Mo3O5F26: The First Noncentrosymmetric Fluoroantimonite with d0 Transition Metal

Ag[SC(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>F: A Laser Damage-Tolerant Infrared Nonlinear Optical Material

[Cd2(Te6O13)][Cd2Cl6] and Cd7Cl8(Te7O17): Novel Tellurium(IV) Oxide Slabs and Unusual Cadmium Chloride Architectures.

catena‐Poly[[[tetraaqualanthanum(III)]‐di‐μ‐isoniconitinato‐κ2O:O′] nitrate]