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Modern Applied Statistics With S

25. Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. By D. B. Rubin. ISBN 0 471 08705 X. Wiley, Chichester, 1987. 258 pp. £30.25.

Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys

Although there has been considerable progress in reducing cancer incidence in the United States, the number of cancer survivors continues to increase due to the aging and growth of the population and improvements in survival rates. As a result, it is increasingly important to understand the unique medical and psychosocial needs of survivors and be aware of resources that can assist patients, caregivers, and health care providers in navigating the various phases of cancer survivorship. To highlight the challenges and opportunities to serve these survivors, the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute estimated the prevalence of cancer survivors on January 1, 2012 and January 1, 2022, by cancer site. Data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries were used to describe median age and stage at diagnosis and survival; data from the National Cancer Data Base and the SEER-Medicare Database were used to describe patterns of cancer treatment. An estimated 13.7 million Americans with a history of cancer were alive on January 1, 2012, and by January 1, 2022, that number will increase to nearly 18 million. The 3 most prevalent cancers among males are prostate (43%), colorectal (9%), and melanoma of the skin (7%), and those among females are breast (41%), uterine corpus (8%), and colorectal (8%). This article summarizes common cancer treatments, survival rates, and posttreatment concerns and introduces the new National Cancer Survivorship Resource Center, which has engaged more than 100 volunteer survivorship experts nationwide to develop tools for cancer survivors, caregivers, health care professionals, advocates, and policy makers.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3322/caac.21149

Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2012

The central dogma of gene expression is that DNA is transcribed into messenger RNAs, which in turn serve as the template for protein synthesis. The discovery of extensive transcription of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins, termed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), provides an important new perspective on the centrality of RNA in gene regulation. Here, we discuss genome-scale strategies to discover and characterize lncRNAs. An emerging theme from multiple model systems is that lncRNAs form extensive networks of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes with numerous chromatin regulators and then target these enzymatic activities to appropriate locations in the genome. Consistent with this notion, lncRNAs can function as modular scaffolds to specify higher-order organization in RNP complexes and in chromatin states. The importance of these modes of regulation is underscored by the newly recognized roles of long RNAs for proper gene control across all kingdoms of life.

/pdf/genome-regulation-by-long-noncoding-rnas-3sihgaljj1.pdf

Genome Regulation by Long Noncoding RNAs

EAU–ESTRO–SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part 1: Screening, Diagnosis, and Local Treatment with Curative Intent

175: Regionalization of Partial and Radical Nephrectomy to Specific Medical Centers

We validated a Japanese version of the Bladder Cancer Index (BCI) as a tool for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in bladder cancer patients treated with various surgical procedures. The reliability and validity of the Japanese BCI were examined in 397 Japanese patients with bladder cancer via cross-sectional analysis. The patients simultaneously completed the Short Form (SF)-12, EQ-5D, and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and Bladder (FACT-G and FACT-BL). The differences in BCI subscales among various treatment groups were analyzed. This study involved 397 patients (301 males and 96 females), with a mean age of 70 years and a median disease duration of 29 months (IQR: 12–66 months). Of these patients, 221 underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor, and 176 patients underwent radical cystectomy (ileal conduit: 101 patients, ileal neobladder: 49, and ureterostomy: 26). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was ≥ 0.78 for all subscales, except the bowel bother subscale. Despite moderate correlations being detected between the function and bother score in urinary and bowel domains, the sexual function score was inversely correlated with the sexual bother score (r = − 0.19). A missing value percentage of > 15% was associated with old age (p < 0.05). The mean domain scores differed significantly among distinct clinically relevant treatment groups. Although revisions are needed to make it easier for elderly patients to comprehend, we confirmed the reliability and validity of the Japanese BCI. The Japanese BCI could be used for cross-cultural assessments of HRQOL in bladder cancer patients.

/pdf/health-related-quality-of-life-in-japanese-patients-with-59rx0pudkr.pdf

Health-related quality of life in Japanese patients with bladder cancer measured by a newly developed Japanese version of the Bladder Cancer Index.

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction

Pii-lba2 validation of a novel non-invasive urine exosome gene expression assay to predict high-grade prostate cancer in patients undergoing initial biopsy with an equivocal psa.

John T. Wei

Papers

175: Regionalization of Partial and Radical Nephrectomy to Specific Medical Centers

Health-related quality of life in Japanese patients with bladder cancer measured by a newly developed Japanese version of the Bladder Cancer Index.

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction

Pii-lba2 validation of a novel non-invasive urine exosome gene expression assay to predict high-grade prostate cancer in patients undergoing initial biopsy with an equivocal psa.

Introduction of laser technology and procedure use for benign prostatic hyperplasia: data from Florida.