Joseph J. Heijnen

TL;DR: This paper reviews the long-standing bulking sludge problem in activated sludge systems and believes that a generic approach would be feasible.

TL;DR: Quantitative two- and three-dimensional models were evaluated by introducing statistical measures to characterize the complete biofilm structure, both the surface structure and volume structure, showing the change from a compact and dense biofilm to a highly porous and open biofilm.

TL;DR: A novel method was developed for the quantitative analysis of the microbial metabolome using a mixture of fully uniformly (U) (13)C-labeled metabolites as internal standard (IS) in the metabolite extraction procedure the subsequent liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis.

TL;DR: A two-dimensional model for biofilm growth and detachment was used and it was possible to model in a unified way two different biofilm detachment processes, erosion (small-particle loss), and sloughing (large-biomass-particles removal).

TL;DR: This review focuses on the past, current and future development of various experimental protocols in the rapid developing area of metabolomics in the ongoing quest to reliably quantify microbial metabolites formed under defined physiological conditions.