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Using Multivariate Statistics

(1998). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor analytic studies. Gifted and Talented International: Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 97-98.

Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor analytic studies

Although augmented reality (AR) has gained much research attention in recent years, the term AR was given different meanings by varying researchers. In this article, we first provide an overview of definitions, taxonomies, and technologies of AR. We argue that viewing AR as a concept rather than a type of technology would be more productive for educators, researchers, and designers. Then we identify certain features and affordances of AR systems and applications. Yet, these compelling features may not be unique to AR applications and can be found in other technological systems or learning environments (e.g., ubiquitous and mobile learning environments). The instructional approach adopted by an AR system and the alignment among technology design, instructional approach, and learning experiences may be more important. Thus, we classify three categories of instructional approaches that emphasize the ''roles,'' ''tasks,'' and ''locations,'' and discuss what and how different categories of AR approaches may help students learn. While AR offers new learning opportunities, it also creates new challenges for educators. We outline technological, pedagogical, learning issues related to the implementation of AR in education. For example, students in AR environments may be cognitively overloaded by the large amount of information they encounter, the multiple technological devices they are required to use, and the complex tasks they have to complete. This article provides possible solutions for some of the challenges and suggests topics and issues for future research.

Current status, opportunities and challenges of augmented reality in education

International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (vol. 10)

Thank you for downloading the growth of logical thinking from childhood to adolescence. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their chosen books like this the growth of logical thinking from childhood to adolescence, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their laptop.

The Growth of Logical Thinking from Childhood to Adolescence

Wisdom represents a fruitful topic for psychological investigations for at least two reasons. First, the study of wisdom emphasizes the search for the continued optimization and the further cultural evolution of the human condition. Second, it exemplifies the collaboration of cognitive, emotional, and motivational processes. The growth and scope of psychological wisdom research over the past few decades demonstrate that it is possible to investigate this complex construct with empirical rigor. Since the 1970s, five main areas have been established: lay definitions of wisdom, conceptualizing and measuring wisdom, understanding the development of wisdom, investigating the plasticity of wisdom, and applying psychological knowledge about wisdom in life contexts.

http://iapsych.com/articles/staudinger.pdf

Psychological Wisdom Research: Commonalities and Differences in a Growing Field

Autobiographical memory narratives concerning times in which individuals said, thought, or did something wise were collected from adolescents and young and old adults. This ''wisdom of experience'' procedure is shown to be a valid means of studying experienced wisdom in everyday lives across the life span. Results show that all age groups use experienced wisdom to transform negative to positive life situations and are equally likely to link these experienced wisdom events to larger temporal life periods. Young and older adults also relate wisdom experiences to the life story by explaining how they are connected to later life consequences or to the direction that their life has taken. Unlike adolescents, older and, especially, young adults report having learned

Making Things Better and Learning a Lesson: Experiencing Wisdom Across the Lifespan

The purpose of this study was to investigate olfactory threshold, odor identification, consistency of label use and their relationships to odor memory in the context of semantic/episodic memory across the human lifespan. A total of 137 subjects aged 4-90 years were tested with several olfactory test procedures. We found that olfactory sensitivity was well developed in children despite the finding that their odor naming and odor memory were inferior to that of adults. In the elderly population, olfactory functions gradually declined, with odor memory and odor identification demonstrating the most significant decline. Semantic encoding was differentially related to odor memory over the human age span. Whereas consistency of label use was the main predictor for odor memory in children and young adults, olfactory identification ability was the main predictor in the elderly study group. We also calculated response bias for the separate age groups and found no differences between children, young adults and elderly. However, with age false alarm rates increased. We conclude that children possess equal olfactory sensitivity compared with adults; however, due to limitations in linguistic capabilities and familiarity to odorants, odor memory and odor identification performance was limited. Additionally, our data indicate major alterations of olfactory processing in advanced age with substantial losses in odor memory and odor identification performance.

Odor Identification, Consistency of Label Use, Olfactory Threshold and their Relationships to Odor Memory over the Human Lifespan

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR -- overlaying virtual objects onto the real world) offer interesting and wide spread possibilities to study different components of human behaviour and cognitive processes. One aspect of human cognition that has been frequently studied using VR technology is spatial ability. Research ranges from training studies that investigate whether and/or how spatial ability can be improved by using these new technologies to studies that focus on specific aspects of spatial ability for which VR is an efficient investigational tool. In this paper we first review studies that used VR technologies to study different aspects of spatial ability. Then results and findings will be presented from one of the first large-scale studies (215 students) that investigated the potential of an AR application to train spatial ability.

https://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/pub-inf_4084.pdf

Virtual and augmented reality as spatial ability training tools

Wisdom is a field of growing interest both inside and outside academic psychology, and researchers are increasingly interested in using measures of wisdom in their work. However, wisdom is a highly complex construct, and its various operationalizations are based on quite different definitions. Which measure a researcher chooses for a particular research project may have a strong influence on the results. This study compares four well-established measures of wisdom-the Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (Webster, 2003, 2007), the Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale (Ardelt, 2003), the Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory (Levenson et al., 2005), and the Berlin Wisdom Paradigm (Baltes and Smith, 1990; Baltes and Staudinger, 2000)-with respect to content, reliability, factorial structure, and construct validity (relationships to wisdom nomination, interview-based wisdom ratings, and correlates of wisdom). The sample consisted of 47 wisdom nominees and 123 control participants. While none of the measures performed "better" than the others by absolute standards, recommendations are given for researchers to select the most suitable measure for their substantive interests. In addition, a "Brief Wisdom Screening Scale" is introduced that contains those 20 items from the three self-report scales that were most highly correlated with the common factor across the scales.

/pdf/how-to-measure-wisdom-content-reliability-and-validity-of-1wuo0bl650.pdf

Judith Glück

Papers

Psychological Wisdom Research: Commonalities and Differences in a Growing Field

Making Things Better and Learning a Lesson: Experiencing Wisdom Across the Lifespan

Odor Identification, Consistency of Label Use, Olfactory Threshold and their Relationships to Odor Memory over the Human Lifespan

Virtual and augmented reality as spatial ability training tools

How to measure wisdom: content, reliability, and validity of five measures.