Karin Elflein

TL;DR: The data point to the existence of mutually exclusive CTL and Tc17 developmental pathways in vitro and in vivo.

TL;DR: The findings warn that preclinical testing of activating biologicals in rodents may miss cytokine release syndromes due to the rapid and efficacious response of the rodent Treg compartment, and suggest that polyclonal Treg activation is feasible in the presence of antiphlogistic corticosteroid prophylaxis.

TL;DR: Two distinct CD28-specific mAb were used in treatment of active or adoptive transfer (AT)-experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN): "superagonistic" JJ316 activates T cells without T cell receptor (TCR) occupancy, and conventional JJ319 activating T cells only in the presence of TCR-stimulation as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: It is shown that in lethally irradiated, bone marrow-reconstituted hosts, CD28 superagonist is able to dramatically accelerate repopulation by a small inoculum of mature, allotype-marked T cells and CD28-driven recovery of CD4 cells was superior to that of CD8 T cells.

TL;DR: It is observed that in some, but not all settings, Treg cells and type 2 immune deviation, including activation of alternative macrophages can be manipulated to protect the host either from infection or from immunopathology with an overall beneficial outcome.