Karl Walter Bock

TL;DR: This review represents an update of the nomenclature system for the UDP glucuronosyltransferase gene superfamily, which is based on divergent evolution and is anticipated that this UGT gene nomenClature system will require updating on a regular basis.

TL;DR: The UGT nomenclature is updated to include new genes identified in the human, mouse and rat genomes and in other mammalian species to prevent confusion when the same gene is given different names.

TL;DR: The hypothesis is emerging that the diverse tissue-specific, TCDD-mediated toxicities are due to sustained and inappropriate AhR activation leading to deregulated physiologic functions, and recent observations in the context of some TCDDs toxic responses are discussed.

TL;DR: Tightened coupling between Phases I and II by AhR- and Nrf2-induced XMEs may greatly attenuate health risks posed by CYP1A1-generated toxic intermediates and reactive oxygen species, and better recognition of coordinate Phase I andII metabolisms may improve risk assessment of reactive toxic intermediate in the extrapolation to low level endo- and xenobiotic exposure.

TL;DR: A nomenclature system for the UDP glucuronosyltransferase superfamily is proposed, based on divergent evolution of the genes, which leads to the definition of two families and a total of three subfamilies and the suggestion that the human nomenClature system be used for species other than the mouse.