Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques.

An important part of our information-gathering behavior has always been to find out what other people think. With the growing availability and popularity of opinion-rich resources such as online review sites and personal blogs, new opportunities and challenges arise as people now can, and do, actively use information technologies to seek out and understand the opinions of others. The sudden eruption of activity in the area of opinion mining and sentiment analysis, which deals with the computational treatment of opinion, sentiment, and subjectivity in text, has thus occurred at least in part as a direct response to the surge of interest in new systems that deal directly with opinions as a first-class object.

This survey covers techniques and approaches that promise to directly enable opinion-oriented information-seeking systems. Our focus is on methods that seek to address the new challenges raised by sentiment-aware applications, as compared to those that are already present in more traditional fact-based analysis. We include material on summarization of evaluative text and on broader issues regarding privacy, manipulation, and economic impact that the development of opinion-oriented information-access services gives rise to. To facilitate future work, a discussion of available resources, benchmark datasets, and evaluation campaigns is also provided.

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Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis

From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

We present a system for interactively browsing and exploring large unstructured collections of photographs of a scene using a novel 3D interface. Our system consists of an image-based modeling front end that automatically computes the viewpoint of each photograph as well as a sparse 3D model of the scene and image to model correspondences. Our photo explorer uses image-based rendering techniques to smoothly transition between photographs, while also enabling full 3D navigation and exploration of the set of images and world geometry, along with auxiliary information such as overhead maps. Our system also makes it easy to construct photo tours of scenic or historic locations, and to annotate image details, which are automatically transferred to other relevant images. We demonstrate our system on several large personal photo collections as well as images gathered from Internet photo sharing sites.

Photo tourism: exploring photo collections in 3D

A method to formulate queries to search for concrete, practical, or detailed “actions” on the web is proposed. Sometimes, a user can only express a web search query as an abstract action. For example, if the user is a beginner golfer, they may use “to improve golf” as a web search query. The search results for this query are unlikely to contain many pages about concrete actions related to improving golf skills. To obtain more concrete information, more concrete actions must be used as web queries. The proposed method generates tuples of words such as (shanking, stop) and (distance, adjust), that consist of a noun and a verb. The proposed algorithm repeatedly searches for nouns from verbs and verbs from nouns in a bootstrapping manner. The proposed method verifies the usefulness of tuples. To reduce search costs, the proposed method also excludes useless tuples; i.e., tuples that cannot be used to obtain new useful tuples.

Query Formulation for Action Search by Bootstrapping

An Analysis System of Reporting Tendencies in News Websites Based on Readers' Varied Emotions

In this paper, we introduce a method to estimate the degree of students’ understanding of concepts and relationships while they learn from digital text materials online. To achieve our goal, we first define a semantic network that represents the knowledge in a material. Second, we define students’ behavior as the sequence of relationships they read in the material, and we create a probabilistic model for relationship understanding. We also create inference rules to include new relationships in the network. Third, we simulate the propagation of the new concept understanding through the network by using a method based on Biased PageRank, extending it with a method to represent prior knowledge and weighting the contribution of every concept according to the uniqueness of its relationships. Finally, we describe an experiment to compare our method against a method without propagation and a method in which propagation is inversely proportional to the distance between concepts. Our method shows significant improvement compared to the others, providing evidence that propagation of concept understanding through the entire network exists.

A Propagation-Based Method of Estimating Students’ Concept Understanding

We developed a new 3D content browser based on Croquet that has a TVML processing engine and peer-to-peer network connectivity. Croquet can create a collaborative 3D world for many users. Users can share their knowledge as virtual 3D objects with information in virtual spaces. TVML is a scripting language for generating TV-like content, and it can control virtual 3D character?s behaviors and camera positions. Croquet and TVML are very powerful tools for creating virtual 3D content. However, both systems lack important functions for virtual 3D content browsers using the Internet. The usual Croquet does not have easy-touse functions for authoring 3D characters ?behaviors. A usual TVML player also does not have functions for sharing virtual 3D objects and virtual space among PCs. We added TVML processing functions to Croquet to develop a novel virtual 3D content browser. We call the browser "Croquet with TVML". The new Croquet can play virtual 3D content in shared virtual 3D space through peer-to-peer networks. TVML generates a virtual 3D world in the new Croquet.

Croquet with TVML: Scripting and Generating Croquet 3D Worlds using TVML

We propose a method to acquire paraphrases from the Web in accordance with a given sentence. For example, consider an input sentence “Lemon is a high vitamin c fruit”. Its paraphrases are expressions or sentences that convey the same meaning but are different syntactically, such as “Lemons are rich in vitamin c”, or “Lemons contain a lot of vitamin c”. We aim at finding sentence-level paraphrases from the noisy Web, instead of domain-specific corpora. By observing search results of paraphrases, users are able to estimate the likelihood of the sentence as a fact. We evaluate the proposed method on five distinct semantic relations. Experiments show our average precision is \(60.5\,\%\), compared to TE/ASE method with average precision of \(44.15\,\%\). Besides, we can acquire 3 paraphrases more than TE/ASE method per input.

Katsumi Tanaka

Papers

Query Formulation for Action Search by Bootstrapping

An Analysis System of Reporting Tendencies in News Websites Based on Readers' Varied Emotions

A Propagation-Based Method of Estimating Students’ Concept Understanding

Croquet with TVML: Scripting and Generating Croquet 3D Worlds using TVML

Finding Paraphrase Facts Based on Coordinate Relationships