Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques.

An important part of our information-gathering behavior has always been to find out what other people think. With the growing availability and popularity of opinion-rich resources such as online review sites and personal blogs, new opportunities and challenges arise as people now can, and do, actively use information technologies to seek out and understand the opinions of others. The sudden eruption of activity in the area of opinion mining and sentiment analysis, which deals with the computational treatment of opinion, sentiment, and subjectivity in text, has thus occurred at least in part as a direct response to the surge of interest in new systems that deal directly with opinions as a first-class object.

This survey covers techniques and approaches that promise to directly enable opinion-oriented information-seeking systems. Our focus is on methods that seek to address the new challenges raised by sentiment-aware applications, as compared to those that are already present in more traditional fact-based analysis. We include material on summarization of evaluative text and on broader issues regarding privacy, manipulation, and economic impact that the development of opinion-oriented information-access services gives rise to. To facilitate future work, a discussion of available resources, benchmark datasets, and evaluation campaigns is also provided.

/pdf/opinion-mining-and-sentiment-analysis-3v5ya3qqiw.pdf

Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis

From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

We present a system for interactively browsing and exploring large unstructured collections of photographs of a scene using a novel 3D interface. Our system consists of an image-based modeling front end that automatically computes the viewpoint of each photograph as well as a sparse 3D model of the scene and image to model correspondences. Our photo explorer uses image-based rendering techniques to smoothly transition between photographs, while also enabling full 3D navigation and exploration of the set of images and world geometry, along with auxiliary information such as overhead maps. Our system also makes it easy to construct photo tours of scenic or historic locations, and to annotate image details, which are automatically transferred to other relevant images. We demonstrate our system on several large personal photo collections as well as images gathered from Internet photo sharing sites.

Photo tourism: exploring photo collections in 3D

This paper proposes a novel technique of browsing Web pages called "Edit-and-Propagate" operation based browsing, where edit operation is regarded as the third operation for interacting with the WWW after conventional clicking and scrolling towards realizing the Editable Web Browser. Our method enables users to delete/emphasize any portion of a browsed Web page at any time and modifies the page by propagating the edit operation. For example, the user can easily delete almost any uninteresting portion of a Web page merely by deleting an example of an unwanted portion. While browsing a Web search result page, the user can rerank search results by deleting an unwanted term or by emphasizing an important term. In this paper, we describe the concept of "Edit-and-Propagate" based browsing, and the implementation of our prototypes. Then we describe the results of our evaluation, which demonstrate the usefulness of our system.

Toward editable web browser: edit-and-propagate operation for web browsing

In this paper we overview the Joint WICOW/AIRWeb Workshop on Web Quality (WebQuality 2011) that was held in conjunction with the 20th International World Wide Web Conference in Hyderabad, India.

https://chato.cl/papers/web_quality_2011_workshop_report.pdf

Joint WICOW/AIRWeb workshop on web quality (WebQuality 2011)

Although long queries are still a small part of the queries submitted to Web search engines, their usage tends to gradually increase. However, the effectiveness of the retrieval decreases with the increase of query length. Long queries are very likely to have few Web pages returned. We target at sentential queries, a type of long queries, and propose a method called sentential query paraphrasing for improving their retrieval performance, especially on recall. We are motivated by the assumption that a sentence is an indivisible whole, which means that removing terms or phrases from a sentence would lead to the missing of some information or query drift. In this paper, we paraphrase sentential queries to avoid missing information and consequently ensure the completeness of the information. Take the sentential query “apples pop a powerful pectin punch,” for example. Its meaning will be changed if one or more terms are removed, and few Web pages are returned by conventional search engines. In contrast, querying by its paraphrases, such as “apples contain a lot of pectin” or “apples are rich in pectin,” can retrieve more Web pages. The experimental results show that our method can acquire more paraphrases from the noisy Web. Besides, with the help of paraphrases, more Web pages can be retrieved, especially for those sentential queries that could not find any answers with its original expression.

Paraphrasing Sentential Queries by Incorporating Coordinate Relationship

We propose a method for learning entity orders, for example, safety, popularity, and livability orders of countries. We train linear functions by using samples of ordered entities as training data, and attributes of entities as features. An example of such functions is f(Entity) \(= +0.5\) (Police budget) \(-0.8\) (Crime rate), for ordering countries in terms of safety. As the size of training data is typically small in this task, we propose a machine learning method referred to as context-guided learning (CGL) to overcome the over-fitting problem. Exploiting a large amount of contexts regarding relations between the labeling criteria (e.g. safety) and attributes, CGL guides learning in the correct direction by estimating a roughly appropriate weight for each attribute by the contexts. This idea was implemented by a regularization approach similar to support vector machines. Experiments were conducted with 158 kinds of orders in three datasets. The experimental results showed high effectiveness of the contextual guidance over existing ranking methods.

/pdf/context-guided-learning-to-rank-entities-3e0csxebcd.pdf

Context-Guided Learning to Rank Entities

This paper describes a medium, called Interactive e-Hon, for helping children to understand contents from the Web. It works by transforming electronic contents into an easily understandable storybook world. In this world, easy-to-understand contents are created generated by creating 3D animations that include contents and metaphors, and by using a child-parent model with dialogue expression and a question-answering style comprehensible to children.

Katsumi Tanaka

Papers

Toward editable web browser: edit-and-propagate operation for web browsing

Joint WICOW/AIRWeb workshop on web quality (WebQuality 2011)

Paraphrasing Sentential Queries by Incorporating Coordinate Relationship

Context-Guided Learning to Rank Entities

Facilitating understanding for children by translating web contents into a storybook