Ieee transactions on control systems technology

Condition monitoring can reduce machine breakdown losses, increase productivity and operation safety, and therefore deliver significant benefits to many industries. The emergence of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with smart processing ability play an ever-growing role in online condition monitoring of machines. WSNs are cost-effective networking systems for machine condition monitoring. It avoids cable usage and eases system deployment in industry, which leads to significant savings. Powering the nodes is one of the major challenges for a true WSN system, especially when positioned at inaccessible or dangerous locations and in harsh environments. Promising energy harvesting technologies have attracted the attention of engineers because they convert microwatt or milliwatt level power from the environment to implement maintenance-free machine condition monitoring systems with WSNs. The motivation of this review is to investigate the energy sources, stimulate the application of energy harvesting based WSNs, and evaluate the improvement of energy harvesting systems for mechanical condition monitoring. This paper overviews the principles of a number of energy harvesting technologies applicable to industrial machines by investigating the power consumption of WSNs and the potential energy sources in mechanical systems. Many models or prototypes with different features are reviewed, especially in the mechanical field. Energy harvesting technologies are evaluated for further development according to the comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, a discussion of the challenges and potential future research of energy harvesting systems powering WSNs for machine condition monitoring is made.

Energy Harvesting Technologies for Achieving Self-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks in Machine Condition Monitoring: A Review.

Explicit formula and graphs of few special functions are derived in the paper on the basis of various definitions of various fractional derivatives and various fractional integrals. Their applications are also reviewed in the paper.

/pdf/applications-of-fractional-calculus-1c2m93jo56.pdf

Applications of Fractional Calculus

Variable-order fractional operators were conceived and mathematically formalized only in recent years. The possibility of formulating evolutionary governing equations has led to the successful application of these operators to the modelling of complex real-world problems ranging from mechanics, to transport processes, to control theory, to biology. Variable-order fractional calculus (VO-FC) is a relatively less known branch of calculus that offers remarkable opportunities to simulate interdisciplinary processes. Recognizing this untapped potential, the scientific community has been intensively exploring applications of VO-FC to the modelling of engineering and physical systems. This review is intended to serve as a starting point for the reader interested in approaching this fascinating field. We provide a concise and comprehensive summary of the progress made in the development of VO-FC analytical and computational methods with application to the simulation of complex physical systems. More specifically, following a short introduction of the fundamental mathematical concepts, we present the topic of VO-FC from the point of view of practical applications in the context of scientific modelling.

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspa.2019.0498

Applications of variable-order fractional operators: a review

Internet of Things (IoT) constitutes the next step in the field of technology, bringing enormous changes in industry, medicine, environmental care, and urban development. Various challenges are to be met in forming this vision, such as technology interoperability issues, security and data confidentiality requirements, and, last but not least, the development of energy efficient management systems. In this paper, we explore existing networking communication technologies for the IoT, with emphasis on encapsulation and routing protocols. The relation between the IoT network protocols and the emerging IoT applications is also examined. A thorough layer-based protocol taxonomy is provided, while how the network protocols fit and operate for addressing the recent IoT requirements and applications is also illustrated. What is the most special feature of this paper, compared to other survey and tutorial works, is the thorough presentation of the inner schemes and mechanisms of the network protocols subject to IPv6. Compatibility, interoperability, and configuration issues of the existing and the emerging protocols and schemes are discussed based on the recent advanced of IPv6. Moreover, open networking challenges such as security, scalability, mobility, and energy management are presented in relation to their corresponding features. Lastly, the trends of the networking mechanisms in the IoT domain are discussed in detail, highlighting future challenges.

/pdf/network-protocols-schemes-and-mechanisms-for-internet-of-4bsu7d7ieu.pdf

Network Protocols, Schemes, and Mechanisms for Internet of Things (IoT): Features, Open Challenges, and Trends

The aim of this chapter is to propose improvement to the adaptation of bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) and to hybridize it with accelerated particle swarm optimization (APSO) in order to accelerate its convergence. In the proposed algorithm, the random walk in the chemotaxis stage of the ABFA is updated through the velocity equation of the APSO.

Hybrid ABFA-APSO Algorithm

As control over wireless network in the industry is receives increasing attention, its application comes with challenges such as stochastic network delay. The PIDs are ill equipped to handle such challenges while the model based controllers are complex. A settlement between the two is the PPI controller. However, there is no certainty on its ability to preserve closed loop stability under such challenges. While classical robustness measures do not require extensive uncertainty modelling, they do not guarantee stability under simultaneous process and network delay variations. On the other hand, the model uncertainty measures tend to be conservative. Thus, this work uses extended complementary sensitivity function method which handles simultaneously those challenges. Simulation results shows that the PPI controller can guarantee stability even under model and delay uncertainties.

/pdf/robustness-and-stability-analysis-of-a-predictive-pi-c73uie4kl2.pdf

Robustness and Stability Analysis of a Predictive PI Controller in WirelessHART Network Characterised by Stochastic Delay

This paper focuses on developing a prediction model for chaotic behavior in fractional-order Duffing's oscillator using neural networks. The model predicts the change in state variables' values of the oscillator using its past observations obtained by numerically solving the governing equations using the famous Grunwald-Letnikov's approach. Further, a comparison of hold-out and k-fold techniques is made using the Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm. The results show the best-proposed model's prediction performance with mean square errors (MSE) and R2 values close to zero and one, respectively. In all the cases, the k-fold cross-validation has performed better than hold-out. However, the k-fold method has taken more computational time for training the model as it is trained k-times compared to one time using the hold-out method.

Chaotic Time Series Prediction Model for Fractional-Order Duffing's Oscillator

This paper focuses on developing an improved arithmetic optimization algorithm to achieve better convergence during exploration and exploitation phases. The proposed algorithm has been achieved by incorporating other functions like square, cube, sine, and cosine in the algorithms’ stochastic scaling coefficient. Further, a comparison between the proposed method and the conventional technique is made on various benchmark functions. It is observed from the numerical results is that the proposed algorithm with both sin and cos have performed better concerning mean, best, and standard deviation values. Moreover, on achieving the worst global minima, the proposed algorithm showed better performance for most minor functions. The results also highlight that the proposed algorithm has shown the best performance, especially for higher-dimensional systems.

An Improved Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

The vigorous growth in portable multimedia devices and communication system has increased the demand for area and power efficient high-speed Digital Signal Processing (DSP) system. Usage of digital Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter is one of the prime block in DSP. Digital multipliers and adders are the most critical arithmetic functional units in FIR filters and also decides the performance of whole system. This research proposes a novel pipelined architecture of high-speed bypass multiplier which utilizes the bypassing method to minimize the switching activities and incorporates novel pipelining technique for improving its performance. Low-power and area-efficient register using pulsed latches added instead of flip-flops in the novel pipelining technique. A comparison between various bypass multipliers with pipeline in terms of delay, power and area utilization were also done in this work. Carry-Look ahead Adder (CLA) is used for addition operation which uses fastest carry generation technique to increases speed by reducing the time required to fix carry bits in ripple carry adder. By employing the proposed novel pipelined high-speed bypass multiplier and carry-look ahead adder, a digital FIR filter with length of 8-tap and 16-tap has been designed which results in a delay reduction of 52% and 33.2% respectively over the conventional method. Similarly, the power consumption analysed for the 8-tap and 16-tap FIR Filter circuit and obtained power saving of 39.7% and 28.7% respectively with reduction in area of 12.1% and 20.4% respectively is better compared to the non-pipelined technique.

Kishore Bingi

Papers

Hybrid ABFA-APSO Algorithm

Robustness and Stability Analysis of a Predictive PI Controller in WirelessHART Network Characterised by Stochastic Delay

Chaotic Time Series Prediction Model for Fractional-Order Duffing's Oscillator

An Improved Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm

Design of FIR filter using novel pipelined bypass multiplier