[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

The lion's share of bacteria in various environments cannot be cloned in the laboratory and thus cannot be sequenced using existing technologies. A major goal of single-cell genomics is to complement gene-centric metagenomic data with whole-genome assemblies of uncultivated organisms. Assembly of single-cell data is challenging because of highly non-uniform read coverage as well as elevated levels of sequencing errors and chimeric reads. We describe SPAdes, a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler (specialized for single-cell data) and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data). SPAdes generates single-cell assemblies, providing information about genomes of uncultivatable bacteria that vastly exceeds what may be obtained via traditional metagenomics studies. SPAdes is available online ( http://bioinf.spbau.ru/spades ). It is distributed as open source software.

SPAdes, a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing ( 7th Annual SFAF Meeting, 2012)

Summary Background Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but risk factors for mortality and a detailed clinical course of illness, including viral shedding, have not been well described. Methods In this retrospective, multicentre cohort study, we included all adult inpatients (≥18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Jinyintan Hospital and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) who had been discharged or had died by Jan 31, 2020. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data, including serial samples for viral RNA detection, were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between survivors and non-survivors. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Findings 191 patients (135 from Jinyintan Hospital and 56 from Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital) were included in this study, of whom 137 were discharged and 54 died in hospital. 91 (48%) patients had a comorbidity, with hypertension being the most common (58 [30%] patients), followed by diabetes (36 [19%] patients) and coronary heart disease (15 [8%] patients). Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with older age (odds ratio 1·10, 95% CI 1·03–1·17, per year increase; p=0·0043), higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (5·65, 2·61–12·23; p Interpretation The potential risk factors of older age, high SOFA score, and d-dimer greater than 1 μg/mL could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage. Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future. Funding Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; National Science Grant for Distinguished Young Scholars; National Key Research and Development Program of China; The Beijing Science and Technology Project; and Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development.

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

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Principles Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Applications in Theranostics Guanying Chen,*,†,‡ Hailong Qiu,†,‡ Paras N. Prasad,*,‡,§ and Xiaoyuan Chen* †School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China ‡Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2281, United States

Upconversion Nanoparticles: Design, Nanochemistry, and Applications in Theranostics

Study on the Surface Structure and Properties of PDMS/PMMA Antifouling Coatings☆

We report an intracavity Raman laser based on BaWO(4) Raman conversion in a diode-pumped actively Q-switched Tm:YAP laser for the first time. With an incident diode power of 17.5 W and a pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz, the maximum average output powers of 880 mW and 306 mW for the fundamental laser at 1.94 μm and the first Stokes laser at 2.36 μm were obtained, respectively. The pulse width and pulse energy of the first Stokes laser were 14.1 ns and 0.31 mJ, respectively. The Raman gain coefficient of the BaWO(4) crystal was estimated to be 1.1 cm/GW at 1.94 μm.

Diode-pumped actively Q-switched Tm:YAP/BaWO(4) intracavity Raman laser.

Dielectric Properties of DMSO-Doped-PEDOT:PSS at THz Frequencies

High Q-factor resonance has a pivotal role in wide applications for manipulating electromagnetic waves. However, high Q-factor resonance, especially in the terahertz (THz) regime, has been a challenge faced by plasmonic metamaterials due to the inherent ohmic and radiation losses. Here, we theoretically present a unique metasurface scheme to produce extremely high Q-factor Fano resonance of the reconstructive coherent mode in the THz regime. The THz metasurface is composed of periodically arranged vertical symmetric split ring resonators (SRRs), which can produce perfect reconstructive coherent coupling effect in the sense that dipole radiation is destructively suppressed. Under the polarized electric field perpendicular to SRR gap, the surface currents are out of phase for an individual SRR, leading to the cancellation of net dipole moment. The reconstructive coherent mode resonance can occur between each SRR and its neighboring SRRs, accompanied by destructive interference of the scattered fields of each SRR. This is due to the coupling between the localized resonance of individual particles and the Rayleigh anomaly of the array. The proposed metasurface can significantly suppress far-field radiation and perform an extremely high Q-factor beyond 104 level with large modulation depth in the THz region, which pushes the advancement of THz high Q-factor resonance. The extremely high Q-factor of reconstructive coherent mode is tunable by adjusting the geometry parameters. The design strategy is useful to develop ultra-sensitive sensors, narrow-band filters and strong interaction of field-matter in the THz regime.

Extremely high Q-factor terahertz metasurface using reconstructive coherent mode resonance

We present, to the best of our knowledge, a new scheme of broadband single-polarization optical fiber with high extinction ratio based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The double-hole optical fiber with a Ge-doped core is modified by integrating the stacks of conductive and dielectric layers to support SPR. The strong couplings between the guided modes and surface plasmon mode can bring about serious polarization loss of TM mode, while supporting the efficient transmission of TE polarization in broadband. The achievable extinction ratio can be more than 25 dB covering a wide telecom band of 1.17–1.42 µm in short fiber lengths=2.5mm. Meanwhile, the insertion loss of the fiber is less than 0.25 dB. The modified SPR fiber shows promising application in high-quality fiber-integrated polarizers.

Li Li

Papers

Study on the Surface Structure and Properties of PDMS/PMMA Antifouling Coatings☆

Diode-pumped actively Q-switched Tm:YAP/BaWO(4) intracavity Raman laser.

Dielectric Properties of DMSO-Doped-PEDOT:PSS at THz Frequencies

Extremely high Q-factor terahertz metasurface using reconstructive coherent mode resonance

Broadband single-polarization optical fiber based on surface plasmon resonance.