1. Introduction 20642. Synthesis of Magnetic Nanoparticles 20662.1. Classical Synthesis by Coprecipitation 20662.2. Reactions in Constrained Environments 20682.3. Hydrothermal and High-TemperatureReactions20692.4. Sol-Gel Reactions 20702.5. Polyol Methods 20712.6. Flow Injection Syntheses 20712.7. Electrochemical Methods 20712.8. Aerosol/Vapor Methods 20712.9. Sonolysis 20723. Stabilization of Magnetic Particles 20723.1. Monomeric Stabilizers 20723.1.1. Carboxylates 20733.1.2. Phosphates 20733.2. Inorganic Materials 20733.2.1. Silica 20733.2.2. Gold 20743.3. Polymer Stabilizers 20743.3.1. Dextran 20743.3.2. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 20753.3.3. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) 20753.3.4. Alginate 20753.3.5. Chitosan 20753.3.6. Other Polymers 20753.4. Other Strategies for Stabilization 20764. Methods of Vectorization of the Particles 20765. Structural and Physicochemical Characterization 20785.1. Size, Polydispersity, Shape, and SurfaceCharacterization20795.2. Structure of Ferro- or FerrimagneticNanoparticles20805.2.1. Ferro- and Ferrimagnetic Nanoparticles 20805.3. Use of Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents forMRI20825.3.1. High Anisotropy Model 20845.3.2. Small Crystal and Low Anisotropy EnergyLimit20855.3.3. Practical Interests of Magnetic NuclearRelaxation for the Characterization ofSuperparamagnetic Colloid20855.3.4. Relaxation of Agglomerated Systems 20856. Applications 20866.1. MRI: Cellular Labeling, Molecular Imaging(Inﬂammation, Apoptose, etc.)20866.2.

Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Stabilization, Vectorization, Physicochemical Characterizations, and Biological Applications

Surface functionalized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are a kind of novel functional materials, which have been widely used in the biotechnology and catalysis. This review focuses on the recent development and various strategies in preparation, structure, and magnetic properties of naked and surface functionalized iron oxide NPs and their corresponding application briefly. In order to implement the practical application, the particles must have combined properties of high magnetic saturation, stability, biocompatibility, and interactive functions at the surface. Moreover, the surface of iron oxide NPs could be modified by organic materials or inorganic materials, such as polymers, biomolecules, silica, metals, etc. The problems and major challenges, along with the directions for the synthesis and surface functionalization of iron oxide NPs, are considered. Finally, some future trends and prospective in these research areas are also discussed.

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Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Surface Functionalization Strategies

Biocompatibility, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications L. Harivardhan Reddy,†,‡ Jose ́ L. Arias, Julien Nicolas,† and Patrick Couvreur*,† †Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, Universite ́ Paris-Sud XI, UMR CNRS 8612, Faculte ́ de Pharmacie, IFR 141, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Cleḿent, F-92296 Chat̂enay-Malabry, France Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmaceútica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain ‡Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesdes, F-94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France

Magnetic nanoparticles: design and characterization, toxicity and biocompatibility, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications: Possibilities and limitations of a new drug delivery system

http://pharmaquest.weebly.com/uploads/9/9/4/2/9942916/superparamagnetic_iron_oxide_nanoparticles_spions.pdf

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs): Development, surface modification and applications in chemotherapy

Nanoscaled particles showing superparamagnetic behavior have been intensively studied in the past years for various applications. Nevertheless, the lack of well-defined particles remains an important problem. One of the major challenges is still the large-scale synthesis of particles with a narrow size distribution. The aim of this work is to synthesize and characterize ferrofluids throughout a multistep synthesis. The iron oxide nanoparticles are first obtained by classical coprecipitation in water, followed by a thermochemical treatment and centrifugation to obtain well-dispersed primary nanoparticles. Finally polyvinyl alcohol is grafted onto the particles to ensure colloidal stability of the ferrofluid at neutral pH. The different synthesis steps and intermediate and side products are described. A model is proposed for the stabilization mechanism.

Particle size investigations of a multistep synthesis of PVA coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles.

We present the realization and characterization of a new type of plastic micropump based on the magnetic actuation of a magnetic liquid. The pump consists of two serial check-valves that convert the periodic motion of a ferrofluidic plug into a pulsed quasi-continuous flow. The ferrofluid is actuated by the mechanical motion of an external NdFeB permanent magnet. The water-based ferrofluid is synthesized in-house using a coprecipitation method and has a saturation magnetization of 32 mT. The micropump consists of various layers of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which are microstructured by powder blasting or by standard mechanical micromachining techniques, and are assembled in a single plastic structure using a monomer gluing solution. Two soft silicone membranes are integrated in the microfluidic structure to form two check-valves. Water has been successfully pumped at flow rates of up to 30 /spl mu/L/min and pumping is achieved at backpressures of up to 25 mbar.

Plastic micropump with ferrofluidic actuation

Reference LTP-ARTICLE-2004-001doi:10.1002/adem.200300574View record in Web of Science Record created on 2005-01-12, modified on 2016-08-08

Superparamagnetic Silica‐Iron Oxide Nanocomposites for Application in Hyperthermia

Nanoscaled particles showing a superparamagnetic behavior have been intensively studied these past years for biomedical applications and water-based ferrofluids turned out to be promising candidates for various in vivo as well as in vitro applications. Nevertheless, the lack of well-defined particles remains an important problem. One of the major challenges is still the large-scale synthesis of particles with a narrow size distribution. In this work iron oxide nanoparticles are obtained by classical co-precipitation in a water-based medium and are subsequently coated with polyvinyl alcohol. The thus obtained ferrofluids are studied and a focus is made on their colloidal stability.

M. Chastellain

Papers

Particle size investigations of a multistep synthesis of PVA coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles.

Plastic micropump with ferrofluidic actuation

Superparamagnetic Silica‐Iron Oxide Nanocomposites for Application in Hyperthermia

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoarticles for Biomedical Applications: a focus on PVA as a coating