2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

ACC/AHA
: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association
ACCF/AHA
: American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association
ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACEI
: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
AF
: atrial fibrillation

/pdf/2016-esc-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-acute-z18hg30pp1.pdf

2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

/pdf/2016-esc-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-acute-53v7yllhiz.pdf

ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012 : The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC

https://anmco.it/uploads/u_cms/media/2014/12/798e9298d77b7b8c9aa0514e43fe95a2.pdf

ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension.

Reply: The bad guy: Left ventricular function, size, or both?

Commentary: Decreasing risk of reoperative aortic valve replacement: Why are we not listening to experience?

Allograft aortic valve replacement: Definitively, still an option for some patient groups and pathologies.

Prosthesis–patient mismatch (PPM) associated with aortic valve replacement (AVR), especially of aortic stenosis, is common and challenging. Initially defined in 1978 by Rahimtoola as “effective prosthetic valve area, after insertion into the patient, less than that of a normal human valve,” the concept was developed by Pibarot and Dumesnil, who have shown that moderate PPM, defined as an indexed effective orifice area 0.85 cm/m, was independently associated with a 60% increase in the risk of heart failure. Enlargement of the narrow aortic root (ARE) is now increasingly accepted as a method to facilitate implantation of a larger prosthesis, hence, to diminish the risk of PPM. Yet, many surgeons are still afraid or reluctant to perform ARE for fear of potential complications that might lead to increased perioperative mortality and morbidity. However, the procedure has been proven safe, effective, and reproducible and in reach of any minimally experienced cardiac surgeon. In addition, there are diagnostic methods and tables that help to predict the risk of PPM and assist in the planning of the surgery and modifications of the classical techniques that make ARE simpler and even more reproducible. In a paper published in this issue of the Journal, Chowdhury and colleagues from New Delhi, India, evaluate their results of ARE with the Nicks procedure, using untreated autologous pericardium for reconstruction of the aortic root. In this single-surgeon experience, a series of 115 consecutive patients (mean age 26.6 years; mean body surface area, 1.46 m) underwent AVR with ARE from 1997 to 2019. The predominant valvular lesion was stenosis. Hospital mortality was 1.7% and, at a mean follow-up of 123 months (minimum 2 years), the actuarial survival was

Commentary: Aortic root enlargement-when and how?

Multiple organ transplantation is rarely performed because the combination in a single patient of the clinical conditions with that indication is uncommon. Besides, the scarcity of organ donors dictates a policy of maximisation of the results. We present the case of a patient who previously had a liver transplantation and was subsequently submitted to a successful simultaneous cardiac and renal transplantation.

Manuel J. Antunes

Papers

Reply: The bad guy: Left ventricular function, size, or both?

Commentary: Decreasing risk of reoperative aortic valve replacement: Why are we not listening to experience?

Allograft aortic valve replacement: Definitively, still an option for some patient groups and pathologies.

Commentary: Aortic root enlargement-when and how?

Simultaneous cardiac and renal transplantation late after hepatic transplantation.