Owen B. Toon

TL;DR: An opposite mechanism through which aerosols can reduce cloud cover and thus significantly offset aerosol-induced radiative cooling at the top of the atmosphere on a regional scale is demonstrated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the generalized two-stream approximation for radiative transfer in homogeneous multiple scattering atmospheres is extended to vertically inhomogeneous atmospheres in a manner which is numerically stable and computationally efficient.

TL;DR: In this paper, a technique to model the radiative properties of mineral aerosols which accounts for their composition is described. But the authors focus on the spectral properties of the aerosols and do not consider the physical properties of these aerosols.

TL;DR: In this article, the global mean direct solar radiative forcing by anthropogenically generated mineral aerosols may be comparable to the direct solar forcing by other anthropogenic aerosols, and the net regional forcing by mineral aerosol can greatly exceed the regional forcing of sulfate aerosol and can even be comparable with the net forcing by clouds.

TL;DR: The potential global atmospheric and climatic consequences of nuclear war are investigated using models previously developed to study the effects of volcanic eruptions, finding long-term exposure to cold, dark, and radioactivity could pose a serious threat to human survivors and to other species.