Petteri Nieminen

TL;DR: The Geant4 simulation toolkit as discussed by the authors includes a specialised package, implementing a precise treatment of electromagnetic interactions of particles with matter below 1 keV, taking into account detailed features, such as atomic shell effects and charge dependence.

TL;DR: The Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) as mentioned in this paper is a simple particle detector developed for wide application on ESA satellites, which measures high-energy protons and electrons of the space environment with a 20 degrees angular resolution and limited spectral information.

TL;DR: This work has recently developed a fully integrated MC simulation that calculates early single strand breaks and double strand breaks in a fractal chromatin based human cell nucleus model that is almost equivalent to past MC simulations when considering direct/indirect strand break fraction, DSB yields and fragment distribution.

TL;DR: In this article, the main characteristics of the European Space Agency (ESA) Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) are outlined and the first SREM results from the Project for On-Board Autonomy-I (PROBA-I) and INTEGRAL spacecraft are presented.

TL;DR: The MUlti-LAyered Shielding Simulator (MULASSIS) as mentioned in this paper is a simulation toolkit developed for radiation shielding analysis as part of the European Space Agency (ESA) activities.