Background Limited data have suggested that sleep-disordered breathing, a condition of repeated episodes of apnea and hypopnea during sleep, is prevalent among adults. Data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study, a longitudinal study of the natural history of cardiopulmonary disorders of sleep, were used to estimate the prevalence of undiagnosed sleep-disordered breathing among adults and address its importance to the public health. Methods A random sample of 602 employed men and women 30 to 60 years old were studied by overnight polysomnography to determine the frequency of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep (the apnea-hypopnea score). We measured the age- and sex-specific prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in this group using three cutoff points for the apnea-hypopnea score (≥ 5, ≥ 10, and ≥ 15); we used logistic regression to investigate risk factors. Results The estimated prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing, defined as an apnea-hypopnea score of 5 or higher, was 9 percent for w...

The Occurrence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing among Middle-Aged Adults

Sleep-induced apnea and disordered breathing refers to intermittent, cyclical cessations or reductions of airflow, with or without obstructions of the upper airway (OSA). In the presence of an anat...

Pathophysiology of Sleep Apnea

The assessment of professional competence: Developments, research and practical implications.

Association of sleep apnoea with myocardial infarction in men

Insomnia is a highly prevalent, often debilitating, and economically burdensome form of sleep disturbance caused by various situational, medical, emotional, environmental and behavioral factors. Although several consensually-derived nosologies have described numerous insomnia phenotypes, research concerning these phenotypes has been greatly hampered by a lack of widely accepted operational research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for their definition. The lack of RDC has, in turn, led to inconsistent research findings for most phenotypes largely due to the variable definitions used for their ascertainment. Given this problem, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) commissioned a Work Group (WG) to review the literature and identify those insomnia phenotypes that appear most valid and tenable. In addition, this WG was asked to derive standardized RDC for these phenotypes and recommend assessment procedures for their ascertainment. This report outlines the WG's findings, the insomnia RDC derived, and research assessment procedures the WG recommends for identifying study participants who meet these RDC.

Derivation of Research Diagnostic Criteria for Insomnia: Report of an American Academy of Sleep Medicine Work Group

12 FatigueConsultationClinic,SaltLake RegionalMedicalCenter; 13 InternalMedicine,FamilyPractice,UniversityofUtah,SaltLakeCity,UT,USA; 14 ME ⁄CFSCenter,OsloUniversity HospitalHF,Norway; 15 DepartmentofPaediatrics,StateUniversityofNewYork,Buffalo,NY,USA; 16 Independent,Pavia,Italy; 17 Harbor-UCLA MedicalCenter,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA; 18 EVMedResearch,Lomita,CA,USA; 19 UniversityofLimerick,Limerick,Ireland; 20 Pain Clinic,KonyangUniversityHospital,Daejeon,Korea; 21 DonvaleSpecialistMedicalCentre,Donvale,Victoria,Australia; 22 Departmentsof Anesthesiology,NeurobiologyandAnatomy,UniversityofUtah,SaltLakeCity,UT,USA; 23 DepartmentofMedicinaNuclear,ClinicaLasCondes, Santiago,Chile; 24 WhittemorePetersonInstitute,UniversityofNevada,Reno,NV,USA; 25 MiwaNaikaClinic,Toyama,Japan; 26 A.Kirchenstein InstituteofMicrobiologyandVirology,RigaStradinsUniversity,Riga,Latvia; 27 DepartmentofBiochemistryBand 28 DepartmentofSportsSciences,UniversityofthePacific,Stockton,CAUSA

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Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria

/pdf/indications-and-standards-for-cardiopulmonary-sleep-studies-44342ix2r3.pdf

Indications and standards for cardiopulmonary sleep studies.

ACUTE exposure to high altitude results in respiratory alkalosis. With time ("acclimatization") blood pH tends to return to normal levels1; return is hastened by acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase...

Effect of acetazolamide on hypoxemia during sleep at high altitude.

The accuracy of three ear oximeters (Waters XP-350, Waters 0-1100, Hewlett-Packard 47201A) was evaluated on 52 subjects during acute progressive and steady-state hypoxia. Ear oximeter readings were compared with measured arterial saturation (Sao2) in arterial or “arterialized” capillary blood samples. Hewlett-Packard (HP) 47201A ear oximeter readings most closely approximated measured Sao2 (y = 0.99x − 1.52, r = 0.97), although both the HP 47201A and Waters 0-1100 oximeters provided similarly accurate estimates of Sao2 once the characteristics of the individual oximeters were known (standard error of estimate; 2.52 and 2.98 per cent Sao2, respectively). The HP 47201A ear oximeter was relatively insensitive to changes in ear-piece position and differences in skin pigmentation, and offered the added advantages of comfort, simplicity of operation, and stability of characteristics.

Powles Ac

Papers

Myalgic encephalomyelitis: International Consensus Criteria

Indications and standards for cardiopulmonary sleep studies.

Effect of acetazolamide on hypoxemia during sleep at high altitude.

Ear oximetry: accuracy and practicability in the assessment of arterial oxygenation.

Changes in lung volume, lung density, and distribution of ventilation during hypobaric decompression.