Showing papers by "Ralf Bender published in 2022"

Euclid preparation. XVIII. The NISP photometric system

Abstract: Euclid Collaboration: M. Schirmer1?, K. Jahnke1, G. Seidel1, H. Aussel2, C. Bodendorf3, F. Grupp3,4, F. Hormuth1, S. Wachter5, P.N. Appleton6, R. Barbier7, J. Brinchmann8,9, J.M. Carrasco10, F.J. Castander11,12, J. Coupon13, F. De Paolis14,15, A. Franco14,15, K. Ganga16, P. Hudelot17, E. Jullo18, A. Lançon19, A.A. Nucita14,15, S. Paltani13, G. Smadja7, F. Strafella14,15,20, L.M.G. Venancio21, M. Weiler11,10, A. Amara22, T. Auphan23, N. Auricchio24, A. Balestra25, R. Bender3,4, D. Bonino26, E. Branchini27,28, M. Brescia29, V. Capobianco26, C. Carbone30, J. Carretero31,32, R. Casas11,12, M. Castellano33, S. Cavuoti34,29,35, A. Cimatti36,37, R. Cledassou38,39, G. Congedo40, C.J. Conselice41, L. Conversi42,43, Y. Copin7, L. Corcione26, A. Costille18, F. Courbin44, A. Da Silva45,46, H. Degaudenzi13, M. Douspis47, F. Dubath13, X. Dupac43, S. Dusini48, A. Ealet7, S. Farrens2, S. Ferriol7, P. Fosalba11,12, M. Frailis49, E. Franceschi24, P. Franzetti30, M. Fumana30, B. Garilli30, W. Gillard23, B. Gillis40, C. Giocoli50,51, A. Grazian25, L. Guzzo52,53,54, S.V.H. Haugan55, H. Hoekstra56, W. Holmes57, A. Hornstrup58, M. Kümmel4, S. Kermiche23, A. Kiessling57, M. Kilbinger2, T. Kitching59, R. Kohley43, M. Kunz60, H. Kurki-Suonio61, R. Laureijs21, S. Ligori26, P.B. Lilje55, I. Lloro62, T. Maciaszek38, E. Maiorano24, O. Mansutti49, O. Marggraf63, K. Markovic57, F. Marulli64,24,65, R. Massey66, S. Maurogordato67, Y. Mellier68,17,69, M. Meneghetti24,65, E. Merlin33, G. Meylan44, M. Moresco64,24, L. Moscardini64,24,65, E. Munari49, R. Nakajima63, R.C. Nichol22, S.M. Niemi21, C. Padilla31, F. Pasian49, K. Pedersen70, W.J. Percival71,72,73, V. Pettorino2, S. Pires2, M. Poncet38, L. Popa74, L. Pozzetti24, E. Prieto18, F. Raison3, J. Rhodes57, H.-W. Rix1, M. Roncarelli64,24, E. Rossetti64, R. Saglia75,4, B. Sartoris76,49, R. Scaramella33,77, P. Schneider63, A. Secroun23, S. Serrano12,11, C. Sirignano78,48, G. Sirri65, L. Stanco48, P. Tallada-Crespí79,32, A.N. Taylor40, H.I. Teplitz6, I. Tereno45,80, R. Toledo-Moreo81, F. Torradeflot79,32, M. Trifoglio82, E.A. Valentijn83, L. Valenziano24,65, Y. Wang6, J. Weller3,4, G. Zamorani24, J. Zoubian23, S. Andreon53, S. Bardelli24, A. Boucaud16, S. Camera84,26,85, R. Farinelli82, J. Graciá-Carpio3, D. Maino52,30,54, E. Medinaceli24, S. Mei16, N. Morisset13, G. Polenta86, A. Renzi78,48, E. Romelli49, M. Tenti65, T. Vassallo4, A. Zacchei49, E. Zucca24, C. Baccigalupi87,88,76,49, A. Balaguera-Antolínez89,90, A. Biviano76,49, A. Blanchard91, S. Borgani92,76,49,87, E. Bozzo13, C. Burigana93,94,95, R. Cabanac91, A. Cappi67,24, C.S. Carvalho80, S. Casas2, G. Castignani64,24, C. Colodro-Conde90, A.R. Cooray96, H.M. Courtois97, M. Crocce11,12, J.-G. Cuby18, S. Davini98, S. de la Torre18, D. Di Ferdinando93, J.A. Escartin3, M. Farina99, P.G. Ferreira100, F. Finelli24,93, S. Fotopoulou101, S. Galeotta49, J. Garcia-Bellido102, E. Gaztanaga11,103, K. George4, G. Gozaliasl104, I.M. Hook105, S. Ilić106,16, V. Kansal2, A. Kashlinsky107, E. Keihanen104, C.C. Kirkpatrick61, V. Lindholm104,108, G. Mainetti109, R. Maoli110,33, M. Martinelli102, N. Martinet18, M. Maturi111,112,113, N. Mauri36,65, H.J. McCracken17,69, R.B. Metcalf64,24, P. Monaco92,76,49,87, G. Morgante24, J. Nightingale66, L. Patrizii65, A. Peel44, V. Popa74, C. Porciani63, D. Potter114, P. Reimberg17, G. Riccio29, A.G. Sánchez3,4, D. Sapone115, V. Scottez17, E. Sefusatti76,49,87, R. Teyssier116, I. Tutusaus12,11, C. Valieri65, J. Valiviita117,108, M. Viel76,49,87,88, H. Hildebrandt112

Intrinsic Shapes of Brightest Cluster Galaxies

Abstract: We discuss the statistical distribution of galaxy shapes and viewing angles under the assumption of triaxiality by deprojecting observed surface brightness profiles of 56 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) coming from a recently published large deep-photometry sample. For the first time, we address this issue by directly measuring axis ratio profiles without limiting ourselves to a statistical analysis of average ellipticities. We show that these objects are strongly triaxial, with triaxiality parameters 0.39 ≤ T ≤ 0.72, they have average axis ratios 〈p(r)〉 = 0.84 and 〈q(r)〉 = 0.68, and they are more spherical in the central regions but flatten out at large radii. Measured shapes in the outskirts agree well with the shapes found for simulated massive galaxies and their dark matter halos from both the IllustrisTNG and the Magneticum simulations, possibly probing the nature of dark matter. In contrast, both simulations fail to reproduce the observed inner regions of BCGs, producing objects that are too flattened.

Euclid preparation. XXI. Intermediate-redshift contaminants in the search for z > 6 galaxies within the Euclid Deep Survey

Abstract: (Abridged) The Euclid mission is expected to discover thousands of z>6 galaxies in three Deep Fields, which together will cover a ~40 deg2 area. However, the limited number of Euclid bands and availability of ancillary data could make the identification of z>6 galaxies challenging. In this work, we assess the degree of contamination by intermediate-redshift galaxies (z=1-5.8) expected for z>6 galaxies within the Euclid Deep Survey. This study is based on ~176,000 real galaxies at z=1-8 in a ~0.7 deg2 area selected from the UltraVISTA ultra-deep survey, and ~96,000 mock galaxies with 25.3$\leq$H<27.0, which altogether cover the range of magnitudes to be probed in the Euclid Deep Survey. We simulate Euclid and ancillary photometry from the fiducial, 28-band photometry, and fit spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to various combinations of these simulated data. Our study demonstrates that identifying z>6 with Euclid data alone will be very effective, with a z>6 recovery of 91(88)% for bright (faint) galaxies. For the UltraVISTA-like bright sample, the percentage of z=1-5.8 contaminants amongst apparent z>6 galaxies as observed with Euclid alone is 18%, which is reduced to 4(13)% by including ultra-deep Rubin (Spitzer) photometry. Conversely, for the faint mock sample, the contamination fraction with Euclid alone is considerably higher at 39%, and minimized to 7% when including ultra-deep Rubin data. For UltraVISTA-like bright galaxies, we find that Euclid (I-Y)>2.8 and (Y-J)<1.4 colour criteria can separate contaminants from true z>6 galaxies, although these are applicable to only 54% of the contaminants, as many have unconstrained (I-Y) colours. In the most optimistic scenario, these cuts reduce the contamination fraction to 1% whilst preserving 81% of the fiducial z>6 sample. For the faint mock sample, colour cuts are infeasible.

Euclid preparation: XXIII. Derivation of galaxy physical properties with deep machine learning using mock fluxes and H-band images

Abstract: Next generation telescopes, like Euclid, Rubin/LSST, and Roman, will open new windows on the Universe, allowing us to infer physical properties for tens of millions of galaxies. Machine learning methods are increasingly becoming the most efficient tools to handle this enormous amount of data, because they are often faster and more accurate than traditional methods. We investigate how well redshifts, stellar masses, and star-formation rates (SFR) can be measured with deep learning algorithms for observed galaxies within data mimicking the Euclid and Rubin/LSST surveys. We find that Deep Learning Neural Networks and Convolutional Neutral Networks (CNN), which are dependent on the parameter space of the training sample, perform well in measuring the properties of these galaxies and have a better accuracy than methods based on spectral energy distribution fitting. CNNs allow the processing of multi-band magnitudes together with $H_{\scriptscriptstyle \rm E}$-band images. We find that the estimates of stellar masses improve with the use of an image, but those of redshift and SFR do not. Our best results are deriving i) the redshift within a normalised error of less than 0.15 for 99.9${{\%}}$ of the galaxies with S/N>3 in the $H_{\scriptscriptstyle \rm E}$-band; ii) the stellar mass within a factor of two ($\sim 0.3 \rm dex$) for 99.5${{\%}}$ of the considered galaxies; iii) the SFR within a factor of two ($\sim 0.3 \rm dex$) for $\sim 70{{\%}}$ of the sample. We discuss the implications of our work for application to surveys as well as how measurements of these galaxy parameters can be improved with deep learning.

Accuracy and precision of triaxial orbit models I: SMBH mass, stellar mass and dark-matter halo

Abstract: We investigate the accuracy and precision of triaxial dynamical orbit models by fitting two dimensional mock observations of a realistic N-body merger simulation resembling a massive early-type galaxy with a supermassive black hole (SMBH). We show that we can reproduce the triaxial N-body merger remnant’s correct black hole mass, stellar mass-to-light ratio and total enclosed mass (inside the half-light radius) for several different tested orientations with an unprecedented accuracy of 5-10 per cent. Our dynamical models use the entire non-parametric line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD) rather than parametric LOSVDs or velocity moments as constraints. Our results strongly suggest that state-of-the-art integral-field projected kinematic data contain only minor degeneracies with respect to the mass and anisotropy recovery. Moroever, this also demonstrates the strength of the Schwarzschild method in general. We achieve the proven high recovery accuracy and precision with our newly developed modeling machinery by combining several advancements: (i) our new semi-parametric deprojection code probes degeneracies and allows to constrain the viewing angles of a triaxial galaxy; (ii) our new orbit modeling code SMART uses a 5-dim orbital starting space to representatively sample in particular near-Keplerian orbits in galaxy centers; (iii) we use a generalised information criterion AICp to optimise the smoothing and to compare different mass models to avoid biases that occur in χ2-based models with varying model flexibilities.

Euclid preparation. XXV. The Euclid morphology challenge: Towards model-fitting photometry for billions of galaxies

Abstract: The ESA Euclid mission will provide high-quality imaging for about 1.5 billion galaxies. A software pipeline to automatically process and analyse such a huge amount of data in real time is being developed by the Science Ground Segment of the Euclid Consortium; this pipeline will include a model-fitting algorithm, which will provide photometric and morphological estimates of paramount importance for the core science goals of the mission and for legacy science. The Euclid Morphology Challenge is a comparative investigation of the performance of five model-fitting software packages on simulated Euclid data, aimed at providing the baseline to identify the best suited algorithm to be implemented in the pipeline. In this paper we describe the simulated data set, and we discuss the photometry results. A companion paper (Euclid Collaboration: Bretonni\`ere et al. 2022) is focused on the structural and morphological estimates. We created mock Euclid images simulating five fields of view of 0.48 deg2 each in the $I_E$ band of the VIS instrument, each with three realisations of galaxy profiles (single and double S\'ersic, and 'realistic' profiles obtained with a neural network); for one of the fields in the double S\'ersic realisation, we also simulated images for the three near-infrared $Y_E$, $J_E$ and $H_E$ bands of the NISP-P instrument, and five Rubin/LSST optical complementary bands ($u$, $g$, $r$, $i$, and $z$). To analyse the results we created diagnostic plots and defined ad-hoc metrics. Five model-fitting software packages (DeepLeGATo, Galapagos-2, Morfometryka, ProFit, and SourceXtractor++) were compared, all typically providing good results. (cut)

Acesur steigert Auslandsanteil

Abstract: Mit seiner Marke La Española ist Acesur in Deutschland der führende Anbieter von spanischem Olivenöl. Mit neuen Produkten soll diese Position gestärkt werden.

Chorizo wächst in Deutschland zweistellig

Abstract: Der Anteil spanischer Chorizo mit Qualitäts- und Herkunftsgarantie ist immer noch relativ gering. Das Consorcio will das ändern und für mehr Bekanntheit sorgen.

Valsoia setzt auf vegetarische Eiskrem

Abstract: Mit pflanzlichen Alternativen ist Valsoia in Italien in vielen Segmenten Marktführer. Chancen in Deutschland sieht das Unternehmen vor allem bei Eiskrem.

Caffo kann Präsenz im Einzelhandel stärken

Abstract: Bekannt ist Caffo vor allem durch seinen Amaro di Capo. Doch auch andere italienische Spezialitäten werden zunehmend nachgefragt.

Exporte nach Deutschland wachsen erneut

Abstract: Die Lebensmittel Zeitung ist die führende Fach- und Wirtschaftszeitung der Konsumgüterbranche in Deutschland. Wer aktuelle Nachrichten, Analysen und Hintergrundberichte zu Marketingstrategien, Sortiments- und Vertriebskonzepten deutscher und internationaler Handels- und Industrieunternehmen sucht, findet sie in der LZ - oftmals exklusiv. Dabei reicht das Spektrum der Berichterstattung von Food über Nonfood bis hin zu IT und Logistik.

Pretzel Pete startet in Deutschland

Abstract: Mit deutschen Brezeln haben die US-amerikanischen Counterparts wenig gemein. Positionieren will sich Pretzel Pete vor allem mit neuen Geschmacksrichtungen.

Estrella Galicia legt hohen Investitionsplan vor

Abstract: Die Wachstumsziele von Estrella Galicia sind ambitioniert. Neben zwei neuen Braubetrieben in Spanien und Brasilien soll der Exportumsatz kräftig steigen.

Orior rechnet mit internationalem Wachstum

Abstract: Der Einstieg bei Casualfood kam für Orior zu einem ungünstigen Zeitpunkt. Nun hofft der Schweizer Mischkonzern auf ein wieder anziehendes Reisegeschäft.

Tuttofood will Vor-Covid-Niveau erreichen

Abstract: Global, innovativ und nachhaltig: So will sich die Tuttofood auch im kommenden Jahr präsentieren. Helfen soll dabei der logistische Vorteil des Messeplatzes Mailand.

Export von Jamón Serrano läuft ungebremst

Abstract: Mit zum Teil hohen zweistelligen Raten sind die Ausfuhren von Serranoschinken auch im laufenden Jahr gestiegen. Besonders gut ist die Entwicklung in Portugal, Italien und den USA.

Euclid preparation XX. The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation survey: LBT observations and data release (cid:63)

Abstract: The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation survey (C3R2) is a spectroscopic program designed to empirically calibrate the galaxy color–redshift relation to the Euclid depth ( I E = 24 . 5), a key ingredient for the success of Stage IV dark energy projects based on weak lensing cosmology. A spectroscopic calibration sample that is as representative as possible of the galaxies in the Euclid weak lensing sample is being collected, selecting galaxies from a self-organizing map (SOM) representation of the galaxy color space. Here, we present the results of a near-infrared H - and K -band spectroscopic campaign carried out using the LUCI instruments at the LBT. For a total of 251 galaxies, we present new highly reliable redshifts in the 1 . 3 ≤ z ≤ 1 . 7 and 2 ≤ z ≤ 2 . 7 ranges. The newly-determined redshifts populate 49 SOM cells that previously contained no spectroscopic measurements and almost twice the occupation numbers of an additional 153 SOM cells. A final optical ground-based observational e ff ort is needed to calibrate the missing cells, in particular in the redshift range 1 . 7 ≤ z ≤ 2 . 7, which lack spectroscopic calibration. In the end, Euclid itself will deliver telluric-free near-IR spectra that can complete the calibration.

El Pozo wächst über den Export

Abstract: Der Fleischwarenhersteller El Pozo wächst vor allem im Ausland. Mit dem neuen Werk in Jabugo können auch Ibérico-Qualitäten besser exportiert werden.

Italpizza startet unter Marke in Deutschland

Abstract: Mit seinem 26x38-Format hat sich Italpizza in gut fünf Jahren die Marktführerschaft in Italien erarbeitet. Mit derselben Strategie will das Unternehmen nun auch im Ausland Fuß fassen.

Curaprox zielt auf Drogeriemärkte

Abstract: Neben der starken Position bei Zahnärzten will die Marke Curaprox den Vertrieb in Deutschland auf den Einzelhandel ausweiten.

Unklare Verhältnisse

Abstract: Durch das sinkende Konsumklima in Italien sind die Unternehmen mehr denn je auf den Export angewiesen. Dessen muss sich auch die neue Regierung bewusst sein.

Veracruz Almonds plant Erweiterung

Abstract: Den europäischen Bedarf an Mandeln will Veracruz Almonds zunehmend aus eigenem Anbau decken. Dabei spielen Smart-Farming-Technologien eine große Rolle.

Euclid: Calibrating photometric redshifts with spectroscopic cross-correlations

Abstract: Cosmological constraints from key probes of the Euclid imaging survey rely critically on the accurate determination of the true redshift distributions, $n(z)$, of tomographic redshift bins. We determine whether the mean redshift, $$, of ten Euclid tomographic redshift bins can be calibrated to the Euclid target uncertainties of $\sigma()<0.002\,(1+z)$ via cross-correlation, with spectroscopic samples akin to those from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), and Euclid's NISP spectroscopic survey. We construct mock Euclid and spectroscopic galaxy samples from the Flagship simulation and measure small-scale clustering redshifts up to redshift $z<1.8$ with an algorithm that performs well on current galaxy survey data. The clustering measurements are then fitted to two $n(z)$ models: one is the true $n(z)$ with a free mean; the other a Gaussian Process modified to be restricted to non-negative values. We show that $$ is measured in each tomographic redshift bin to an accuracy of order 0.01 or better. By measuring the clustering redshifts on subsets of the full Flagship area, we construct scaling relations that allow us to extrapolate the method performance to larger sky areas than are currently available in the mock. For the full expected Euclid, BOSS, and DESI overlap region of approximately 6000 deg$^{2}$, the uncertainties attainable by clustering redshifts exceeds the Euclid requirement by at least a factor of three for both $n(z)$ models considered, although systematic biases limit the accuracy. Clustering redshifts are an extremely effective method for redshift calibration for Euclid if the sources of systematic biases can be determined and removed, or calibrated-out with sufficiently realistic simulations. We outline possible future work, in particular an extension to higher redshifts with quasar reference samples.

Brasmar spezialisiert sich auf Oktopus

Abstract: Bacalao ist das mit Abstand wichtigste Produkt im Sortiment der Brasmar-Gruppe. Schwerpunkt im Auslandsgeschäft ist Oktopus.

Félix Solís baut Monomarken-Konzept aus

Abstract: Markenlinien wie Viña Albali und Monomarken sollen im Sortiment von Félix Solís wichtiger werden. Durch die steigenden Kosten dürfte der Gewinn aber sinken.

Alaska-Fischerei steigert Mengen und Erlöse

Abstract: Die kanadischen Fischereiwirtschaft hat 2021 einen deutlich höheren Umsatz erzielt. Allein bei Lachs stiegen die Erlöse um 78 Prozent.

Mifroma zeigt Gesicht

Abstract: Mifroma, einer der größten Käsehändler in der Schweiz, ist im Ausland noch wenig bekannt. Das soll sich ändern.

The PAU Survey and Euclid: Improving broadband photometric redshifts with multi-task learning

Abstract: Current and future imaging surveys require photometric redshifts (photo-zs) to be estimated for millions of galaxies. Improving the photo-z quality is a major challenge but is needed to advance our understanding of cosmology. In this paper we explore how the synergies between narrow-band photometric data and large imaging surveys can be exploited to improve broadband photometric redshifts. We used a multi-task learning (MTL) network to improve broadband photo-z estimates by simultaneously predicting the broadband photo-z and the narrow-band photometry from the broadband photometry. The narrow-band photometry is only required in the training field, which also enables better photo-z predictions for the galaxies without narrow-band photometry in the wide field. This technique was tested with data from the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS) in the COSMOS field. We find that the method predicts photo-zs that are 13% more precise down to magnitude i_{AB}<23; the outlier rate is also 40% lower when compared to the baseline network. Furthermore, MTL reduces the photo-z bias for high-redshift galaxies, improving the redshift distributions for tomographic bins with z>1. Applying this technique to deeper samples is crucial for future surveys such as \Euclid or LSST. For simulated data, training on a sample with i_{AB}<23, the method reduces the photo-z scatter by 16% for all galaxies with i_{AB}<25. We also studied the effects of extending the training sample with photometric galaxies using PAUS high-precision photo-zs, which reduces the photo-z scatter by 20% in the COSMOS field.

Schweizer Käseexport auf historischem Hoch

Abstract: Soviel Käse wie im vergangenen Jahr hat die Schweiz nie zuvor im Ausland verkaufen können. Besonders gut laufen die typischen Spezialitäten.