René Gross

TL;DR: This novel NID DM syndrome with reduced pancreatic insulin stores, which is similar to human NIDDM in that it has a significant response to glucose (although abnormal in kinetics) and preserved sensitivity to tolbutamide, may provide a particularly advantageous tool for pharmacological investigations of new insulinotropic agents.

TL;DR: 4-hydroxyisoleucine insulinotropic activity might, at least in part, account for fenugreek seeds' antidiabetic properties and may be considered as a novel drug with potential interest for the treatment of NIDDM.

TL;DR: Quercetin lowers plasma glucose, normalizes glucose tolerance tests and preserves pancreatic β‐cell integrity in diabetic rats and activation of the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathway was analysed.

TL;DR: In non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDD) rats, a single intravenous administration of 4-OH-Ile partially restored glucose-induced insulin response without affecting glucose tolerance; a 6-day subchronic administration of4-OH -Ile reduced basal hyperglycemia, decreased basal insulinemia, and slightly, but significantly, improved glucose tolerance.

TL;DR: The insulinotropic properties of 4-hydroxyisoleucine, in the micromolar range, are seen only in the presence of the linear major isoform; they also require carbon alpha in S-configuration, full methylation and carbon gamma-hydroxylation.