Ricardo Gandara

TL;DR: The results directly show that breast cancer cells specifically induce the expression of MCT4 in cancer-associated fibroblasts, and provide the first evidence for the existence of a stromal-epithelial lactate shuttle in human tumors, analogous to the lactate shuttles that are essential for the normal physiological function of muscle tissue and brain.

TL;DR: A new two-compartment model for understanding tumor metabolism is proposed, which adds a novel stromal twist to two very well-established cancer paradigms: aerobic glycolysis and autophagy.

TL;DR: The “Reverse Warburg Effect” or “parasitic” energy-transfer is a key determinant of poor overall patient survival and MCT4 inhibitors should be developed for the treatment of aggressive breast cancers, and possibly other types of human cancers.

TL;DR: Graphene oxide is shown to be an effective non-toxic therapeutic strategy for the eradication of cancer stem cells, via differentiation-based nano-therapy and Mechanistically, it is presented evidence that GO exerts its striking effects on CSCs by inhibiting several key signal transduction pathways and thereby inducing CSC differentiation.

TL;DR: The beneficial anticancer effects of mitochondrial inhibitors (such as metformin) may be attributed to the induction of mitochondrial dysfunction in the epithelial cancer cell compartment, which identifies cancer cell mitochondria as a clear target for drug discovery and for novel therapeutic interventions.